Ch. 16: Age of Exploration

1
Ch. 16 Age of Exploration

• 16th and 17th Century
• Global Economy

2
WHY EXPLORATION?

• Desire for trade routes
• Quest for profit
• New technology
• Ships
• Maps
• Navigation
• Firearms

3
WHAT DO EUROPEANS GAIN?

• Control over world trade
• Power from Indian and Middle Eastern traders
• Establish new trade routes
• Eliminate the middle man
• Luxury items
• Shifting center of trade

4
What is a Global Economy?How did it differ
from the trade network of the past?

• NO China
• Return to reclusive
• NO Muslim Empire
• Destroyed by Mongols
• Africa more involved
• Raw materials
• Slaves
• Addition of Americas
• Discovery of new world

5
How did trade lead to the development of core vs.
dependent regions?

• DEPENDENT NATIONS
• Providers of raw materials
• Provide bullion
• Provide crops
• Coercive labor systems
• Encomienda
• Slavery

6
Dependent nations fulfill the needs of core
nations.

• CORE NATIONS
• Utilize materials from dependent nations
• Produce a finished product
• Send manufactured goods to dependent nations to
  trade

7
SYSTEM OF INTERNATIONAL INEQUALITY

• LATIN AMERICA
• Silver
• Coercive labor
• Subsistence farming
• European control
• AFRICA
• Slaves
• Wealth in slave trade
• Subsistence farming

8
WHAT IS THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE?

• NEW WORLD

• OLD WORLD

• DOG
• TURKEY
• CHILI PEPPER
• COCOA
• MAIZE
• PEANUT
• POTATO
• TOBACCO
• TOMATO
• SYPHILIS

• CHICKEN
• COW
• GOAT
• HORSE
• PIG
• SHEEP
• BANANA
• COFFEE
• SUGARCANE
• SMALLPOX

9
WHY WAS THE WEST ABLE TO DOMINATE GLOBAL TRADE?

• Loss of rivals
• China Muslims
• China and Japan
• Reclusive
• Ottomans warriors
• Western population growth
• Technology
• Cannons
• Ships
• Navigation

10
BATTLE OF LEPANTO 1571Defeat of Ottomans by
SpanishSpanish control of major waterways
11
TRULY A WORLD ECONOMY?

• China
• benefit of export
• Japan
• isolationist
• India
• internal concerns
• Ottoman Empire
• war
• Africa
• non-slave regions
• Russia
• agricultural

12
AMERICAS

• NORTH AMERICA

• LATIN AMERICA

• Great Britain
• Religious persecution
• New homes
• Family
• Profit of cash crops

• Spain
• Conquistadors
• Gold, Glory, and God
• Mulattoes and Mestizos

13
WHAT ARE MAJOR EFFECTS OF A WORLD ECONOMY?

• Colonial rivalries
• England v Spanish success
• England v France Seven Years War
• Coercive labor systems
• Latin America
• Africa
• Availability of luxury items to all
• sugar