In Class this Week World History

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In Class this WeekWorld History

• Monday- No School- Labor Day
• Tuesday- Review Formative, Enlightenment
  Philosopher Mini-Lesson
• Wednesday- Test Review Game
• Thursday- Foundations of Democracy Unit Test
• Friday- Return Tests, Debrief and Evaluate
  Foundations of Democracy Unit

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HomeworkWorld History

• Notes on Historical Figures- Handout 1.2F (due
  Thursday at time of Test)
• Study for Test (Thursday 9-6)
• All Late, missing, incomplete work due on
  Thursday at the time of the test.
• Check Aeries- Assignments are posted

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In Class this Week US History

• Monday- No class- Labor Day
• Tuesday- Go over quiz Bill of Rights Ranking
  Activity and Project Introduction
• Wed. and Thursday- Work on your Bill of Rights
  Project (Due Thursday)
• Friday- Unit One Test- Declaration of
  Independence, Constitution and Bill of Rights

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Quickwrite

• Which philosopher do you agree with the most?
  Explain. Be sure to explain what this
  philosopher believed and contrast his/her beliefs
  with at least one other philosopher.

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Plato

• Background

• Born in Greece in 428 B.C.
• Close friend and student of Socrates
  (philosopher)
• Studied philosophy, math, and government

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Plato

• Beliefs

• Ideal Government

• Individuals have strengths that can benefit
  society.
• Role determined by talent- meritocracy
• Education essential to good citizenship because
  educated seek wisdom and justice rather than
  wealth and power.

• Democracy is mob rule by ignorant people.
• Monarchy (autocracy) is also dangerous because
  erodes to tyranny.
• Ideally, power and wisdom must be united in same
  person (recommend philosopher-kings)

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Aristotle
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General Facts

• 384-322 B.C.E.
• Born in Stagira, a small town on the northeast
  coast of Thrace
• Father was physician to king of Macedonia
• Traveled widely after Platos death ended up in
  Macedonia where he served as Alexander the
  Greats tutor
• Returned to Athens in 335 to found his own
  academy, Lyceum

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Aristotle

• Beliefs

• Ideal Form of Government

• People are not born good but learn to be good
  through education and membership in society.
• Philosophers should be independent spirits-
  beyond trivia of politics.
• Everyone educated and participate for the good of
  society.

• Monarchy would be great if the monarch could be
  trusted (but they cant)
• Democracy is least dangerous, but most people
  spend their time working.
• The best form of government would be an
  aristocracy, made up of educated members of the
  middle class.

10
Jean Jacque Rousseau

• Background

• Beliefs

• Born in Geneva Switz. In 1712
• Unstable Childhood

• People are born in a state of nature (good,
  independent).
• In nature people live happily.
• Society leads to competition and corruption.

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Jean Jacque Rousseau

• Politics

• Believes in direct democracy, people directly
  involved in government (Like Geneva, Switz.)
• Anything but Direct Democracy leads to
  corruption.
• Officers/administrators of gov. could administer
  will of people.

12
Baron de Montesquieu

• Background

• Born Charles Louis de Secondat in Bordeaux France
  in 1689.
• Although wealthy, he was placed in the care of a
  poor family.
• Later lived with uncle and assumed his title-
  Baron de Montesquieu

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Baron de Montesquieu

• Beliefs

• Politics/Government

• Religious conflict threatened stability.
• NOT Atheism but religious tolerance.

• He believed a monarchy with shared powers was the
  best form of government.
• There should be a balance of power between
  different branches of gov.
• Too much power in one person or branch leads to
  corruption and abuse.

14
Mary Wollstonecraft

• 1759-1797

• Believed women and men deserved the same rights
  and the same opportunities.
• The ideal from of government would be a form of
  democracy in which branches shared power.

15
Elizabeth I

• 1533-1603

• Believed that her subjects were her children.
• People had place in society.
• The ideal form of government was a monarchy she
  shared power with parliament (sometimes
  reluctantly).

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Thomas Hobbes

• 1588-1679

• Enlightened philosopher.
• Social Contract Theory- Because people are
  selfish, they must give up some freedom in order
  to live safely and thrive.
• Ideal from of government is a monarchy that
  serves the public interest.

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John Locke

• 1632-1704

• Human beings are able to reason.
• Social Contract Theory- Government is
  relationship between people and government.
• Best form of government is a representative
  democracy with shared powers (branches).
• People have right to life, liberty and property
  and may revolt in certain situations.

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Louis XIV

• 1638-1715

• The Sun King
• Believed in the Divine Right of Kings.
• The best form of government is a powerful
  monarchy.