Kingdom Animalia

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Kingdom Animalia
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Whats an Animal?

• Eukaryotic multicellular heterotrophs without
  cells walls.
• This includes a HUGE number of organisms you may
  not think of as animals (over 1 million species!)
• The largest group of animals are the insects, and
  there may be 1 million species of beetles alone

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Kingdom AnimaliaPhylum Porifera the sponges
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Phylum Porifera

• Sessile filter feeders (living water filters)
• No true tissues or organs.
• No body symmetry
• Spicules composed of minerals, and/or the protein
  spongin provide skeletal support.
• Most are Monoecious (produce male and female
  gametes in one individual)

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Phylum Cnidaria(jellyfish, anemones, corals)
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PHYLUM CNIDARIA

• cnide means nettle or stinger- most of the 9000
  species have stinging nematocysts.
• found primarily in the sea, except for a few
  freshwater jellyfish
• Radial symmetry (5-fold)
• Two tissue layers (diploblastic)
• Two body plans polyp (sessile) and medusa
  (motile)

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Phylum Platyhelminthes
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Phylum Platyhelminthes

• The flatworms
• They are triploblastic and have bilateral
  symmetry
• no body cavity (acoelomate)
• These animals are the first to exhibit a head.
• Many flatworms are parasites of chordates (fish,
  reptiles, mammals, etc..) These are the tapeworms
  and flukes

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Phylum Nematoda The Roundworms
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Phylum Nematoda

• Bilateral symmetry and some head development.
• Cylindrical and smooth bodies with a
  pseudocoelom.
• Many are also parasites of vertebrates.

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Phylum Molluscaclams, mussels, snails, slugs,
octopuses, squid
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Mollusc features

• Most have obvious heads and clear bilateral
  symmetry and a true coelom.
• Contains the most intelligent (by far) group of
  invertebrates- the cephalopods octopuses,
  squids, and cuttlefishes
• Most have a shell, mantle and foot
• Most numerous group are the gastropods- the
  snails and slugs

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Phylum AnnelidaThe segmented worms
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Annelid Features

• Earths most advanced worms 15,000 species
• All have a body cavity like yours
• Segmentation means that parts like hearts and
  muscle groups repeat in series down the body.
• Most have hairs
• Similar nervous system to insects
• Heads highly specialized

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Phylum Echinodermata(starfish, brittlestars, sea
urchins, sand dollars, etc.)
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Phylum Echinodermata

• Name means spiny skin
• Spiky marine animals , 7000 species
• Diverged from same line of animals that produced
  chordates
• Modern echinoderms are mainly motile
• All are triploblastic
• radial symmetry

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The ArthropodsCrabs, shrimp, insects, spiders,
ticks, copepods, etc
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Phylum Arthropoda

• More animals belong to this group than to all
  others combined. 900,000 known.
• Well-developed organ systems, and segmented as
  in annelids
• Exoskeleton jointed at body segments and limbs
• Appendages paired and diverse for a huge variety
  of functions.

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The Chordates(vertebrates and their relatives)
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Phylum Chordata

• Our phylum, along with fishes, amphibians,
  reptiles, mammals and birds.
• Vertebrate Chordates have
• Bilateral symmetry and a coelom
• A backbone of vertebrae
• Skeletons of internal bone or cartilage
• Large brains and a dorsal nerve cord
• Tetrapod vertebrates (reptiles, mammals and
  birds) have
• Amniotic eggs or the mammal equivalent
• Dry skin with scales, hair or feathers
• Limbs for walking on land