18-4 The End of Reconstruction

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18-4 The End of Reconstruction

• Warm-up Read the passage below ON YOUR OWN and
  answer the questions that follow.

Immediately after they shall be assembled in
consequence of the first election, they shall be
divided as equally as may be into three classes
so that one-third may be chosen every second year.
1. Who is they that are referred to? 2. A
section of this clause was removed, in a
paragraph write what was removed and what removed
it. 3. What is the importance of this clause?
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1861-1865 Civil War

• Why did Reconstruction END?

1863 1870s Reconstruction

• Northerners lost interest.
• New technologies (like the telephone) had many
  Northerners looking to the future, and ready to
  put the past behind them. It was time to let the
  south run their own governments.

• Radical Republicans lose power
• Widespread corruption caused people to lose faith
  in Republicans and their policies

• Election of 1876
• Tilden vs. Hayes
• Tildenpopular vote / Hayeselectoral votes.
• Hayes privately agrees to end Reconstruction and
  removes remaining troops from LA, SC, FL

3. Amnesty Act of 1872 passed Congress restores
the right to vote to nearly ALL white southerners
(men). Who voted Democratic.
AT THE SAME TIME Threats of violence kept African
Americans from voting.

• Financial Panic swept nation
• In the 1870s major fires in Boston Chicago
  hurt insurance industry. Depression lasted 5
  years. Unemployment starvation followed the
  North lost even more interest.

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Impact of Reconstruction

• For the next 100 years Democrats (Conservatives)
• would control Southern Politics (and African
• Americans would lose political rights.)

• VOTING RESTRICTIONS
• POLL TAXES required voters to pay a fee to vote
• LITERACY TESTS required voters to read
  explain a section of the Constitution.
• Freedmen could not afford to vote many had
  little education

Many poor whites could not pass the literacy
tests either, to increase the number of white
voters states passed GRANDFATHER CLAUSES which
allowed you to vote if your grandfather had been
able to vote on 1/1/1867 then you did not have to
take the literacy test. No African Americans
could vote before this date.

• SEGREGATION
• SEGREGATION (JIM CROW LAWS) legal separation of
  races

Schools, restaurants, theaters, trains,
streetcars, playgrounds, hospitals, cemeteries
PLESSY V. FERGUSON Supreme Court rules SEPARATE
BUT EQUAL rarely did this happen
The 14th Amendment would become the basis for the
Civil Rights Movement almost 100 years later
which finally ended voting restrictions
segregation!
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Industry In the New South
The New South would use its natural resources
to build its own industry and not depend on the
North.

• Cotton Production recovered
• Textile Mills were built to turn cotton into
  cloth
• Tobacco Industry grew
• Steel Industry (Alabama)
• Oil Refineries (LA TX remember Katrina?)
• Copper, granite, marble
• Lumber

The South developed a more balanced economy but
still could not compete with the North the West
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18-4 Homework
Fill in the circle WHEEL with each of your
vocabulary words. Then choose TWO of those words
and connect them in a sentence.
WC
pick a vocabulary word from a previous section
Term 1 ______________________ Term 2
______________________ Connection Sentence
________________________ ________________________
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Term 1 ______________________ Term 2
______________________ Connection Sentence
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