WASON CARD SORT:

1
WASON CARD SORT INTRODUCTION
Week 2 Practical
2
WEEK 2 PRACTICAL
WASON CARD SORT
LECTURE 1
PRACTICAL
WEEK 1
NO LECTURE
NO PRACTICAL
WEEK 2
NONPARAMETRICS 1
1ST PRACTICAL
WEEK 3
NONPARAMETRICS 2
1ST ANALYSIS IN SPSS
WEEK 4
SAMPLING DISTRIBUTIONS
1ST ANALYSIS BY HAND
WEEK 5
HYPOTHESIS TESTING
2ND PRACTICAL
WEEK 6
RELATED T-TEST
2ND ANALYSIS IN SPSS
WEEK 7
2ND ANALYSIS BY HAND
INDEPENDENT T-TEST
WEEK 8
3RD PRACTICAL
INDEPENDENT ANOVA
WEEK 9
3RD ANALYSIS IN SPSS
DEPENDENT ANOVA
WEEK 10
NO LECTURE
NO PRACTICAL
3
WEEK 2 PRACTICAL
WASON CARD SORT
BY THE END OF THE SESSION, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO
Perform various versions of the Wason Card
Sorting task and appreciate the differences
between them.
Appreciate the way in which the study was carried
out and the hypotheses the study is testing.
Begin to explore the downloaded data set with
respect to testing the experimental hypotheses
using an appropriate test.
Make a start on writing up your INTRODUCTION and
METHOD sections for your lab report.
4
PROCEDURE
WASON CARD SORT
5
WASON CARD SORT
EXPERIMENT
6
WASON CARD SORT
CORRECT ANSWERS
ABSTRACT
A
D
4
7
CONCRETE
BEER
COKE
19
17
7
INTRODUCTION
WASON CARD SORT
IF A CARD HAS A VOWEL ON ONE SIDE, IT HAS AN
EVEN NUMBER ON THE OTHER SIDE
A
D
4
7
Everybody will have now completed the abstract
version of the Wason (1966) card sorting task.
Most of you may not have done so well

1. Participants may neglect to search for
   disconfirming evidence (maybe there is an E on
   the back of the number 7).

b) Participants may pick an irrelevant card such
as 4 because it matches the nature of the
proposition (note the proposition does not say
that if there is an even number on one side,
there must be a vowel on the other side).
Failure at this task is usually meant to indicate
how bad people are at deductive or logical
reasoning.
8
WASON CARD SORT
INTRODUCTION
IF A PERSON IS DRINKING BEER, THEN THEY MUST BE
OVER 18
BEER
COKE
19
17
Everybody will have now completed another version
of the Wason (1966) card sorting task. Most of
you may have done a little better here.
The above version is by Griggs Cox (1983) who
showed that performance is markedly improved when
concrete examples are used.
Cosmides (1989) argues however that the reason
such examples are more successful is because the
situations reflect social contracts
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WASON CARD SORT
METHOD
DESIGN
So, half of the people in the room did the
concrete first, half did the abstract.
ABSTRACT
CONCRETE
ABSTRACT
CONCRETE
then
then
Research Questions
Q1 Is performance better on some versions of the
Wason card sorting task than others the first
time it is performed?
ABSTRACT
CONCRETE
ABSTRACT
CONCRETE
then
then
Q2 Is performance on the abstract task affected
if it follows a concrete scenario?
ABSTRACT
CONCRETE
ABSTRACT
CONCRETE
then
then
So, is this a within- or between-subjects design?
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WASON CARD SORT
METHOD
PARTICIPANTS
We will use data collected from last year.
DOWNLOAD AND SAVE THE FILE WASONRAWDATA.SAV
So here is some demographic information that
might be useful.
100 female, 80 male
Age range 18-45 years
Mean 22 years
S.D. 2.5 years
11
WASON CARD SORT
RESULTS
The third column shows whether the individual got
their first problem right or wrong.
The first column shows subject number. And yes,
there are 180.
1
RIGHT
2
WRONG
The second column shows which type of problem
each individual solved first.
The fourth column shows whether the individual
got the abstract problem right or wrong.
1
ABSTRACT
2
CONCRETE
1
RIGHT
2
WRONG
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WASON CARD SORT
DATA TYPES
Note You do not have to cover this in your lab
report
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WASON CARD SORT
DISCUSSION
GET TOGETHER IN GROUPS OF THREE OR FOUR AND
REFLECT ON TODAYS EXPERIENCE USING THE FOLLOWING
QUESTIONS
What kind of statistical test might you use next
week and why?
Were there any problems in the way the experiment
was carried out? How could you improve this?
Do you foresee any problems in interpreting the
data?
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WASON CARD SORT
NOTES FOR WRITE UP
INTRODUCTION
Like a funnel- all roads should lead to the
rationale for the experiment.
What were the previous studies that lead up to
the current one?
What were the important psychological concepts
and / or distinctions?
What was the outline of the current study and
what were the hypotheses?
METHOD
Must be include enough detail for someone else to
replicate the experiment.
Standard structure Participants / Materials /
Design / Procedure.
Refer the reader to appendices if including
lengthy materials (hint hint).
Avoid bullet points or lists because the method
section is prose too.
15
WEEK 2 PRACTICAL
WASON CARD SORT
BY THE END OF THE SESSION, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO
Perform various versions of the Wason Card
Sorting task and appreciate the differences
between them.
Appreciate the way in which the study was carried
out and the hypotheses the study is testing.
Begin to explore the downloaded data set with
respect to testing the experimental hypotheses
using an appropriate test.
Make a start on writing up your INTRODUCTION and
METHOD sections for your lab report.