(a)??

1
5.5 ??????????(1)????????????

• ?????
• ????
• ???????????????????

???????????????????????????????????
???????????????????????? ????????????
2
(2)?????????

• ? ?????????????????????????????
• ? ??????????????????????????????????????

3
(a)??

• ? ???1?(???????4????2???)
• ? ????2?????
• 10 0000 0000 0000 1010(000A16)
• 14 0000 0000 0000 1110 (000E16)
• -1 1111 1111 1111 1111 (FFFF16)
• -2 1111 1111 1111 1110 (FFFE16)
• -10 1111 1111 1111 0110 (FFFD16)
• -11 1111 1111 1111 0101 (FFFC16)

4
????

• 2????? -32,768 32,767

??(1???)
2???(15???)
4???(32???)?? -2,147,483,648
-2,147,483,647
??(1???)
2???(31???)
-32,768 (??(3)??(2)??(7)??(6)??(8)) -2,147,483,64
8 (??(???(21))????(47)??(483)??(648)
5
(b)?????

• ???????????????????
• ???4???????4??????

?? ????1?(???????4????2???) ?????2?????
?2???(16???)???? -32,768( -215)32,767( 215 -
1) (??(3)??(2)??(7)??(6)??(8)) ?4???(32???)???
? -2,147,483,648 ( -231)2,147,483,648 (
231-1) (??(???(21))????(47)??(483)??(648)
6
??(?????)2????

• ?????????(?????????????)
• (?)?????4???(32???)??
• 8???(64??????)???

??( 1 ???)
??( 7 ???)
????(24 ???)
?? 0?????,1???? ??(n) 2?????(????????) ??(a)
??? 1?alt1
7
???2?????

• ????

????? 0 000 0000 1101 1000 0000 0000 0000
0000 16????????,00 D8 00 00
8
(c)???

• ?????1??????????????????
• 1????1????????????????

?True??? (1??????) (1??????) 0000 0001
0000 0000 0000 0001 0000 1111
0000 0000 0000 1111 1000 0000
1000 0000 0000 0000 1111 0000
1111 0000 0000 0000 1111 1111
1111 1111 1111 1111
9
(d)??
8 ???? ASCII?EBCDIC 16???? JIS???????JIS
EUC(Extended UNIX Code)
??????????? ????????????????, ????????
10
ASCII????
CRCarriage Return LFLine Feed
????? 16??? ???? ???? ??, 0D?CR 0F?LF
11
JIS????????
?????? 2byte??? ????
12
(e)??

• ????????????(?????????)
• Xj x s j
• x Xj???????
• s X?1??????
• ?2??????
• Xm, n (C??? Xmn)???
• Xi,j x s n i s j
• x Xi, j???????
• s X?1??????

13
(f)???/??????/?????

• ??????????(?????????)
• struct int p char c, double f

??? ????(boundary alignment)??????????????????????
????????????????
14
????????????????
struct int p char c, double f

• ??????????

??????????
p
p
c
c
f
f
Ada ???????????????????????????(representation
specification)????
15
(g)???

• Pascal ????????????1????
• C ????? 0 ? 1??????????????
• Prolog ??????

16
(h)????

• ?????????????
• ??????????????
• ????????????????????
• ??????????????????(Java)?????????????????????????
  ???(C)??????

17
(3)???????

• ? ?????????????(?????)????????????
• ? ????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???
• ? ??????????????????????????????(temporary
  variable, work variable)??????????????????????????
  ?????????

18
MC68000????????

• A (B C) (D - E)

MOV B, R0 ADD C, R0 MOV R0, Temp MOV D,
R0 SUB E, R0 MUL Temp, R0 MOV R0, A
Temp DA 1
MOV B, R0 ADD C, R0 MOV D, R1
Temp???? SUB E, R1 R1??? MUL R1, R0
MOV R0, A
(????????????????????)
19
???????????

• ? ???????????(8??16???)??????????????????????
• ? ?????????????????????????
• ? ????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????

?????????????????????????????????? ????????(re
gister allocation)???????????
20
(4)????

• ? ??????????????????????????????????
• ? ????????????????????????????

???????(data frame) ????(frame) ??????(activati
on record) ????????(data segment)
21
?????????

• ? ?????????????????????
• ? ??????????????????????
• ? ????????????(return address)
• ? ????????????(register save area)

FORTRAN??COMMON????????????
???????????????? ????????????????? ???????????????
?
22
(5)????????????????

• ????????????????
• ??????????????????
• ?????????
• ????????????????

??????????? fib(int n) int m if(n lt 2) m
1 else m fib(n - 2) fib(n - 1)
return m
23
????????????

• ? ????????????????????????????????(????)?????????
• ? ?????????????????????????????????????
• ???????????(Deep Binding)
• ???????????(Shadow Binding)
• ???(??)???????? Deep Binding ???????Lisp ??
  Shadow Binding???????????
• ? ??????????????????????????????

24
(6)??????(a)Deep Binding????
???? A ? B ? C ? B ? D ? ?????????????????
Pascal

• Procedure A
• Procedure B
• Procedure C
• begin end
• begin end
• Procedure D
• begin end
• begin end

A
??????????????(offset)???
B
D
B
C
???????
25
?????????

• ?????(static link)?

??????(display)?
(E.W.Dijkstra ???)
??????
A
A
B
B
1
2
D
D
3
B
B
C
C
???????
26
(b)Shadow Binding(????????????????????LISP)

• ? ?????????
• ? ????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?(??????????????????????????????????????????)?
• ? ?????????????????????
• ? ????????????????????????????(??????????????????)
  ?
• ? ?????????????????????????????????

27
(7)???(heap)??

• ???????????????????????????
• ???????????(GC??)???????
• ????????????????????????