Knowledge, what is it? A mobile communications case study

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Knowledge, what is it?A mobile communications
case study

• Dr. Jan Uddenfeldt
• Chief Technology Officer
• Ericsson, Stockholm, Sweden

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1880
1947
1878
1910
1986-96
2001
2002
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Knowledge, seen from a hi-tech company point of
view

• What can be done?
• What does the end user want?

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Scientific experts, a driver in technology , but

• .different specific expertise often drive the
  technology in different directions.

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Scientific experts, a driver in technology , but

• ..different specific expertise often drive the
  technology in different direction.
• However,
• cross discipline cooperation boosts the knowledge
  and the borderlines between disciplines hide a
  huge potential.

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John C. Harsanyi (János) The most important
scientific results are born, if the researcher
works in several disciplines, and transfers his
knowledge and results to another - perhaps far
away discipline.
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Mobile telephony evolution
3G
2G
Multimedia Internet
1G
Voice Data
Voice
1980
1990
2000
Start of NMT
Start of GSM
Start of 3G
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Mobile subscriptions by system standard
No of Subscriptions (million)
(Year -end)
Source Ericsson Wireless Subscription Forecast
2003_2
GSM WCDMA One True Family
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GSM into 3G
Content
Communication Services
Fixed Mobile Telephony (2B subscribers)
Internet/Intranet (0.4B subscribers)
Core Network
Radio Network GSM/GPRS/EDGE
Radio Network WCDMA/WCDMA-Evolved
Dual Mode Terminals
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WCDMA worldwide 3G Here Now
September 2003 of subs
DoCoMo 1000 k
J-Phone 84.3 k
3-Italy 374 k
3-UK 194.6 k
3-Australia 69 k
3-Sweden 11.6 k
3-Austria 10 k
Mobilkom (Austria) 1 k
Tango (Lux) 1 k
Total launched 1745 k
EMC Research External Websites Internal
Ericsson Ericsson is supplier to these 7 of 9
operators who have launched NWs
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What the End User wants

• Higher data rates
• Low cost
• Wideband

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Technologies
1G 2G 3G
Analog GSM WCDMA
Number of users per radio channel 1 8 100
Data rate for end user lt 5 kb/s lt 64 kb/s lt 2 Mb/s
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Driving the market through RD
GSM
Leadership in mobile telephony
WCDMA
CDMA2000
EDGE
Leadership in Mobile Internet
GPRS
WAP
Bluetooth
4G
1990
2000
2010
1980
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Interdisciplinary thinking
Non optimised IP
Optimised IP/3G
Cellular voice
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Technology Challenges

• Radio propagation is extremely complex
• data rate limitation
• transmission errors
• Spectrum is a scarce resource
• spectrum efficiency and compression
  complex signal processing
• Users move over very large areas
• roaming and handoff

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Mobile radio propagation is...

• Frequency dispersive
• Due to Doppler spread ( 100 Hz)
• Rapid time variations and deep fades creating
  high Bit Error Rates (10 -1)
• Time dispersive
• Due to reflections giving time delay spread
  (10?s)
• Limits data rates

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Know-how evolution
When Knowledge Implications
70ies Bit rate must be longer than delay spread 25 kHz bandwidth
80ies New innovative adaptive equalizers allow multiple bits within delay spread 200 kHz bandwidth
90ies High speed circuits allow wideband CDMA with Rake-receivers 5 MHz bandwidth
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Mobile Media- Evolution with new capabilities
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Mobile Media services
Sports
Music
News
Audio content
kbps
256
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
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Mobile Media services enabled by 2,5G and 3G
3G
2,5G
Audio content
kbps
256
128
64
32
16
8
4
2
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2G 3G
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2G 3G
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