Silk%20Road

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• Silk Road
• Indian Ocean Trade Routes
• Trans Saharan Trade Routes
• Gold and Salt
• Bantu Migrations
• Iron
• Buddhism and Christianity
• Axsum
• Other Goods Traded

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India and the Rise of Hinduism
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Vedic Age

• Around 3,000 years ago a light skinned ethnic
  group called Aryans moved into India
• After conquering the local people they created a
  social class system to keep them subjugated The
  Caste system

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Mauryan

• Conquest based empire
• Chandragupta Mauryan
• Kautilya
• Treating with Equality
• Enticement
• Punishment or War
• Sowing Dissension
• Ashoka

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Gupta

• Chandra Gupta
• Theater State
• Great advancements

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The Caste System

• 4 Social Classes
• Brahmin Priests
• Warriors/ Kings
• Traders and landowners (rich)
• Peasants
• 1 class was not even considered human
• Untouchables
• Could not change class
• Your class determined who you married and
  socialized with

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Reincarnation

• Hindus belief that when the soul (atman) leaves
  the body it finds a new home
• The new home is based on the actions (karma) of
  the last life
• If a soul progressed far enough it could reach
  freedom (moksha)

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Moksha

• Brahmin Priests
• Warriors/ Kings
• Traders and landowners (rich)
• Peasants
• Mammals
• Reptiles
• Insects
• Plants
• Rocks
• Untouchables

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The Mahabharata

• Classic Epic about two sides of a family fighting
  for power
• One part was the most important Bhagavad Gita
• Arjuana talking with Krishna
• Does not want to fight his own family

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Ramayana
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• To move up the ladder one must perform the acts
  necessary of the caste.
• Polytheistic (believed in many gods)
• Shiva
• Vishnu

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Buddhism

• Siddhartha Gautama
• Middle Path
• 4 Noble Truths
• 8 Fold Path
• Theravada
• Mahayana
• Bodhitsava

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Jainism

• Ahimsa

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Viewing the Silk Road from Space
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Common Silk Road Routes
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The Road Ahead Begin Your Journey in China
West
East
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Heading West from Beijing
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Heading West from Beijing
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Next StopXian
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Looking West from Xian
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Looking West from Xian
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Next StopDunhuang
Dunhuang
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Mogao Caves Near Dunhuang
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Keep Moving West to Kashgar
Dunhuang
Kashgar
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Dunhuang to Kashgar Go Around the Takla Makan
Desert
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and Cross the Tien Shan Mountain Range
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Arriving at Kashgar
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NowOn to Merv
Dunhuang
Kashgar
Merv
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Kashgar to Merv More Deserts and Mountains
Bactrian Desert
Pamirs
Ancient Merv
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Your Journey So Far

• You have traveled over 3,000 difficult miles
• You have crossed the Takla Makan Desert, the Tien
  Shan Mountain Range, passed through territories
  of hostile warriors, crossed the Pamir Mountains
  and the Bactrian Desert.
• Only 1,532 miles to go!!!

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The Road Ahead
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Plains and Mountain Ridges
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Zagros Mountains
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Your Final Hurdle to Antiochthe Sultan Mountain
Range
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FinallyAntioch
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Empire of Ghana
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Sahara

• Largest desert in the world
• As big as the entire United States
• Difficult to travel through-
• had to follow routes connecting Oasis
• Great wealth south and north

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Empire of Ghana

• Controlled trade in
• Gold
• Salt
• Slaves
• Copper
• Precious gems
• Ivory
• Exotic Animals
• Islam spreads through region south of the Sahara
  through trade
• King were very powerful
• Ghana falls in 1076

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Empire of Mali

• By 1235, Ghana replaced by Malianother kingdom
  based on gold trade
• Mansa Musa-13121332
• skilled military leader
• Hajj
• builds mosques in Timbuktu and Gao
• In 1352, Ibn BattutaMuslim scholar and
  travelervisits Mali
• By 1400, Mali begins to decline

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Empire of Songhai

• Songhaipeople east of Mali, control gold trade
  moving farther east

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Hausa City-States

• Exports
• Leather
• Gold
• Cloth
• Salt
• Kola nuts
• Exotic animals
• Henna
• Slaves
• Heads and figurines in copper or brass
• Rulers fight so much that none can build an
  empire

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