BELLWORK

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BELLWORK

1. Describe the characteristics of the Fertile
   Crescent.
2. List four advances the Sumerians made with
   regards to farming and agriculture.
3. Describe the Sumerian religious practices.
4. What is cuneiform?
5. Who was Hammurabi? Why is he important?
6. Who were the Assyrians? Why were they successful?
   
7. THINKER In your opinion, what was the greatest
   achievement of Mesopotamia?

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Hammurabis Code

• As you know, Hammurabis Code was very harsh, but
  it became one of the earliest attempts at law.
• You are now going to read over 25 laws within
  Hammurabis Code.
• You must pick 10 and translate them into modern
  language.
• We will do the first one as an example.

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Indus River Valley Civilization

• South Asian Civilization arose in 2500B.C.
• Mountain ranges Hindu Kush Himalayas
• Rivers Indus Ganges
• Two major cities Harappa Mohenjo-Daro
• Two major groups Harappan Aryan

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Mohenjo-Daro
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Harappa
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Harappan Civilization

• Urban centers were well planned
• Production of clay pots, bronze, jewelry, and
  cotton cloth
• Traded with people of Mesopotamia
• Indus Civilization collapsed by 1500 B.C.
• Severe climate changes (heat flooding)
• Natural disasters (earthquake)
• Violence (wars with invading nations)

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The Aryans (1500-600 BC)

• People from the North settled where Harappa used
  to be
• Warriors took over the area
• Brought the Sanskrit language, their gods, and
  domesticated horses.
• Rise of Hinduism
• Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, lived here and
  started the faith of Buddhism 

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The Caste System

• The Aryans developed a social system consisting
  of four main social classes or varnas.
• Each varna had its own duties.
• Brahman
• Kshatriyas
• Vaishyas
• Shudras
• Chandalas (Untouchables)
• Based on their religious beliefs, if one had good
  karma, they could be reincarnated into a higher
  caste. (does not apply to untouchables)
• Only men could go to school teach
• Women had no rights

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• Create your own caste system diagram in your
  notes!!!

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Reading The Harappan Disintegration

• How and why did the Harappan civilization end?
• For homework tonight, you will read about the
  Harappan Disintegration and write an analysis on
  possible theories of disappearance.
• What is a theory? Why is evidence important to
  back up a theory?
• Part 1 Explain three theories for the
  disappearance of the Harappans with evidence to
  prove/disprove (can be a list)
• Part 2 Your own opinion as to why the Harappan
  civilization ended with justification to back up
  your points.

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BELLWORK

• Today, we will learn about ancient Chinese
  civilizations. During this time, two major
  philosophies emerged that influenced life
  culture Confucianism Daoism. To learn about
  these two belief systems, read Chinese
  Philosophies on pgs. 50-51 and answer the
  following
• Who was Confucius? What was his principal
  concern?
• Under Confucianism, how should individuals live?
• Under Confucianism, how should the government
  rule?
• How is Daoism different than Confucianism?
• What is the primary belief of Daoism?
• Explain the concept of yin and yang.
• THINKER What is a hierarchy? In your opinion, is
  there a social hierarchy in todays society?
  Explain!

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Chinese Civilizations

• Formed along the Huang River Valley.
• Did not have contact with outside civilizations
• Ancient China was ruled by dynasties

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Chinese Civilizations

• Ancient China was ruled by two dynasties
• Shang dynasty 1700BC 1000BC
• Zhou dynasty 1000BC 200BC
• You are now going to read about the achievements
  made by both Chinese dynasties.
• Read pgs. 49-50 and in your notes, write at least
  four important facts for each dynasty.
• Be ready to discuss!

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Shang Dynasty

• 1700BC 1000BC
• Used large armies, bronze weapons and chariots to
  conquer territory
• Ruled by the Mandate of Heaven
• Priests had the authority to call upon the gods
  and predict the future
• Cultural achievements writing using characters,
  bronze objects, ivory, silk, pottery, and the
  creation of cities.

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Zhou Dynasty

• About 1000BC, Wu killed the Shang king and
  established a new dynasty, the Zhou. (JOH)
• Agricultural system nobles owned the land and
  peasants worked it.
• Technological advances roads, expanded foreign
  trade, obtained horses, the cross-bow, iron
  plows, and flood-control systems.
• Under the Zhou, China became the most populated
  country in the world.

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Venn Diagram India vs. China
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Four Corners Review Ancient Civilizations

• We are going to play a short review game over the
  four ancient civilizations weve studied so far.
  (Egypt, Mesopotamia, Indus China)
• Each corner is labeled with a letter A-D.
• A multiple choice question will appear on the
  board and you have 20 seconds to move to the
  corner that corresponds with the answer.
• If you get it right.yay! Youre still in the
  game. If you get it wrong..yikes! Youre out!
• If everyone picks the same answer, you must then
  chose RED or BLACK, and your fate will be decided
  by luck of the draw!

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1) Why is Narmer important to Egyptian
Civilization?

1. For his works of architecture, like pyramids and
   tombs
2. For his creation of canals along the Nile River,
   which improved trade and travel
3. For unifying the Egyptian kingdoms under one
   leader
4. For restoring Egypt after its period of decline.

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1) Why is Narmer important to Egyptian
Civilization?

1. For his works of architecture, like pyramids and
   tombs
2. For his creation of canals along the Nile River,
   which improved trade and travel
3. For unifying the Egyptian kingdoms under one
   leader
4. For restoring Egypt after its period of decline.

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2) Egypt went through a period of decline during
the rule of Amenhotep IVwhy?

1. He changed the religion to polytheism, even
   though everyone was monotheistic
2. He changed the religion to monotheism, even
   though everyone was polytheistic
3. He tried to take over Mesopotamia, and failed
4. He could not afford building projects, so he
   over-taxed his citizens

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2) Egypt went through a period of decline during
the rule of Amenhotep IVwhy?

1. He changed the religion to polytheism, even
   though everyone was monotheistic
2. He changed the religion to monotheism, even
   though everyone was polytheistic
3. He tried to take over Mesopotamia, and failed
4. He could not afford building projects, so he
   over-taxed his citizens

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3) Which of the following statements about the
Assyrians is FALSE?

1. Invented ways to improve agriculture like the
   plow and irrigation
2. Used a strong military to conquer neighboring
   civilizations
3. Under their rule, Mesopotamia reached its height
   with the largest empire
4. The Assyrians fell from power when they were
   conquered by the Persians

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3) Which of the following statements about the
Assyrians is FALSE?

1. Invented ways to improve agriculture like the
   plow and irrigation
2. Used a strong military to conquer neighboring
   civilizations
3. Under their rule, Mesopotamia reached its height
   with the largest empire
4. The Assyrians fell from power when they were
   conquered by the Persians

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4) Which of the following civilizations
originated in the Indus River Valley?

1. Aryans and Sumerians
2. Harappans and Aryans
3. Harappans and Assyrians
4. Aryans and Assyrians

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4) Which of the following civilizations
originated in the Indus River Valley?

1. Aryans and Sumerians
2. Harappans and Aryans
3. Harappans and Assyrians
4. Aryans and Assyrians

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5) All of the following are forms of writing used
in ancient civilizations EXCEPT

1. Cuneiform
2. Pictographs
3. Hieroglyphs
4. Ziggurats

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5) All of the following are forms of writing used
in ancient civilizations EXCEPT

1. Cuneiform
2. Pictographs
3. Hieroglyphs
4. Ziggurats

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6) All of the following are theories about the
collapse of the Indus River Valley Civilization
EXCEPT

1. Severe climate changes (heat and flooding)
2. Spread of disease (small pox and influenza)
3. Natural disasters (earthquakes)
4. Violence (wars w/ neighbors)

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6) All of the following are theories about the
collapse of the Indus River Valley Civilization
EXCEPT

1. Severe climate changes (heat and flooding)
2. Spread of disease (small pox and influenza)
3. Natural disasters (earthquakes)
4. Violence (wars w/ neighbors)

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7) Why is Hatshepsut important to Egyptian
civilization?

1. For her works of architecture, like pyramids and
   tombs
2. For her creation of canals along the Nile River,
   which improved trade and travel
3. For unifying the Egyptian kingdoms under one
   leader
4. For restoring Egypt after its period of decline.

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7) Why is Hatshepsut important to Egyptian
civilization?

1. For her works of architecture, like pyramids and
   tombs
2. For her creation of canals along the Nile River,
   which improved trade and travel
3. For unifying the Egyptian kingdoms under one
   leader
4. For restoring Egypt after its period of decline.

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8) Which of the following is NOT an achievement
of the Shang dynasty?

1. Ivory
2. Silk
3. Pottery
4. Copper

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8) Which of the following is NOT an achievement
of the Shang dynasty?

1. Ivory
2. Silk
3. Pottery
4. Copper

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9) Which of the following is NOT an achievement
of the Zhou dynasty?

1. Sanskrit language
2. Cross Bow
3. Roads
4. Iron Plows

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9) Which of the following is NOT an achievement
of the Zhou dynasty?

1. Sanskrit language
2. Cross Bow
3. Roads
4. Iron Plows

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10) Which group in India was the most powerful
and at the top of the Caste System?

• Vaishyas
• Kshatriyas
• Brahman
• Shudras

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10) Which group in India was the most powerful
and at the top of the Caste System?

• Vaishyas
• Kshatriyas
• Brahman
• Shudras

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11) All of the following were characteristics of
the untouchables EXCEPT

• Were not allowed to live in cities
• Could be reincarnated to a higher caste
• Could only enter cities at night
• Were responsible for the dirty jobs in society

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11) All of the following were characteristics of
the untouchables EXCEPT

• Were not allowed to live in cities
• Could be reincarnated to a higher caste
• Could only enter cities at night
• Were responsible for the dirty jobs in society

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12) Which event marked the transition of power
from the Shang dynasty to the Zhou dynasty?

• Shang soldiers revolted and overthrew the king
• The Shang civilization collapsed due to natural
  causes, and the Zhou took over
• Zhou soldiers invaded Eastern China and overthrew
  the Shang
• Wu killed the Shang king and established his own
  dynasty

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12) Which event marked the transition of power
from the Shang dynasty to the Zhou dynasty?

• Shang soldiers revolted and overthrew the king
• The Shang civilization collapsed due to natural
  causes, and the Zhou took over
• Zhou soldiers invaded Eastern China and overthrew
  the Shang
• Wu killed the Shang king and established his own
  dynasty

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13) What did all early civilizations have in
common?

• Production of their own food
• Centered around rivers
• Were polytheistic
• Used bricks for construction

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13) What did all early civilizations have in
common?

• Production of their own food
• Centered around rivers
• Were polytheistic
• Used bricks for construction

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14) Why is Ramses the Great important to Egyptian
civilization?

• For his works of architecture, like pyramids and
  tombs
• For his creation of canals along the Nile River,
  which improved trade and travel
• For unifying the Egyptian kingdoms under one
  leader
• For restoring Egypt after its period of decline.
  

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14) Why is Ramses the Great important to Egyptian
civilization?

• For his works of architecture, like pyramids and
  tombs
• For his creation of canals along the Nile River,
  which improved trade and travel
• For unifying the Egyptian kingdoms under one
  leader
• For restoring Egypt after its period of decline.