The results of GRB patrolling by HEND instrument onboard 2001 Mars Odyssey

1
The results of GRB patrolling by HEND instrument
onboard 2001 Mars Odyssey

• A. Sanin, S. Charyshnikov, V. Grinkov, A.
  Kozyrev, M. Litvak,
• I. Mitrofanov, V. Tretyakov
• Institute for Space Research
• K. Hurley
• Space Sciences Laboratory, University of
  California, Berkeley
• T. Cline
• NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center

2
What is Gamma-Ray Burst?
3
Astrophysical Task of HEND Experiment Registrati
on of gamma-ray bursts irradiance to high
precession determination of sources locations by
interplanetary triangulation method. Scientific
Goal To detect gamma-ray bursts with time
accuracy around 10 ?sec.
Optical afterglow of GRB 990705 with host galaxy
4
Gamma-Ray Burst HEND Subsystem
Size of CsI crystal - height 5.5 cm
- external diameter 5.5 cm - wall
thickness 1 cm Time resolution 0.25 sec,
1 sec. Spectral range 30 keV 1 MeV
(0.25 sec) 60 keV 2 MeV (1 sec)
16 channels in both ranges Continues data flow.
5
HEND Participations in the Third Interplanetary
Gamma-Ray Burst Timing Network (IPN3)

• Interplanetary spacecraft
• Ulysses, heliocentric orbit,
• lt 3000 light sec from Earth
• HEND, Mars orbit,
• lt 1200 light sec from Earth
• Spacecraft near Earth
• KONUS - WIND
• HETE-2
• RHESSI
• Integral

Based on http//gcn.gsfc.nasa.gov
6
The concept of the space triangulation method
to determine sky location of transient source
using data of several interplanetary detectors
7
HEND contribution to IPNregistration moment and
time profile, obtained from interplanetary
position
Event
TIME Position of S/C
THEND
TCEB
TUT
Odyssey Coordinate
Odyssey trajectory information (CSPICE)
8
HEND autoburst data distribution system
Event
JPL
UofA
HEND
Odyssey
CEB
IKI
Distribution data to community
Automated burst system
Database
Data Request by e-mail
9
Time profiles of some HEND GRBs which were
detected during 2 years of operations
10
GRB020405

• Observed by Ulysses, Mars Odyssey (HEND),
  BeppoSAX, and KONUS-WIND
• Triangulated to a 75 square arcminute error box
  and circulated to astronomers within 17 hours
• Optical transient source identified less than one
  hour later

Error Box for GRB020405
Ulysses/HEND
Ulysses/BeppoSax
11
Optical counterpart for GRB020405
12
Statistic of of HEND Gamma Ray-Bursts
Mapping Stage
Aerobraking Stage
Free space Cruise stage
6 detected GRB (1.5 events/month)
58 detected GRB (3.6 events/month)
20 detected GRB (4.0 events/month)
34 events localized
2 events localized
1 events localized
1 have optical afterglow
2 have optical afterglow
5 have optical afterglow
For 1 GRB redshift was determined
For 1 GRB redshift was determined
For 3 GRB redshift was determined
13
Conclusions

• HEND is the member of Interplanetary Gamma-Ray
  Burst Coordinate Network
• during the 23 months of operation 84 GRBs were
  detected
• 37 GRBs were localized
• For 8 GRBs afterglows were founded, for 5 of them
  redshifts are determined
• GRB part of HEND work became more important after
  finish of BeppoSax scientific operation stage in
  the end of April 2002
• farther development of HEND burst facility is
  necessary for own HEND GRB triggering.