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Ch 8 sec 2-3
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Roman Expansion

• Powerful rivals in Mediterranean Sea
• Enemy is Carthage-coast of North Africa
• Carthage-found by the Phoenicians 800 BC
• Control trade to make rich

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1st Punic War

• Rome sends troops to Sicily to prevent Carthage
  take over
• Carthage is a sea power
• Rome needs a navy
• Last 20 years
• 241 BC defeated Carthage-leave Sicily and pay
  huge fine

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2nd Punic Wars

• Carthage takes parts of Spain to make up for
  Sicily
• Rome helps rebels defeat Carthage in Spain
• Carthage sends Hannibal
• Hannibal army of 4600 men and 37 elephants
• Suffer large loss crossing the Alps
• Tribes kill half soldiers and most elephants

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2nd Punic War (cont)

• Rome suffers loss at Battle of Cannae
• Hannibal raids much of Italy
• Rome-Scipio invades Carthage
• Hannibal must return home
• Battle of Zama-defeat Carthage-give up navy and
  Spain

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3rd Punic War

• Destroy Carthage in 146 BC
• Salt Fields

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