AP World Review

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AP World Review

• March 12, 2005
• Practically all of this was stolen from other
  sources a shout-out to teachers who share their
  stuff on the web

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Agenda

• Information Summary Foundations Unit
• Multiple Choice Exercise
• DBQ Review and Partner DOCs
• Practice DBQ Question

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Six Themes

• The impact of interaction among major societies.
  Such as Trade, International Exchange, War, and
  Diplomacy
• The Relationship of Change and Continuity across
  the periods of World History
• Impact of Technology and Demography on People and
  the Environment Including Population change,
  Manufacturing, Agriculture, etc.
• Systems of Organization and Gender Structure
• Cultural and Intellectual Development and
  Interactions among Societies
• Change over time in functions and structures of
  Political States

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Test Format

• Exam last 3 Hours and 5 Minutes
• 55 Minutes for 70 Multiple Choice Questions
• 50 Minutes for Document Based Question (10
  minutes for Reading and Evaluating Documents)
• 40 Minutes for Change Over Time Essay
• 40 Minutes for Comparative Essay Question
• Time Frames
• Prehistory to 1000 C.E 14 of Questions
• 1000 C.E-1450 C.E 23 of Questions
• 1450 C.E- 1750 C.E 20 of Questions
• 1750 C.E- 1914 C.E 20 of Questions
• 1914-Present 23 of Questions

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Grading

• 70 Multiple Choice Questions 1/2 Score
• Document Based Question 16.66 of Score
• Change Over Time Essay 16.66 of Score
• Comparative Essay 16.66 of Score
• Essays Graded on Scale of 0 to 9

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• Broad Topics addressed in Foundations Unit
• Environment domesticating plants and animals
• Early development of agricultural technology
• Basic features Mesopotamia, Egypt, Indus Valley
• Shang China and Meso/South America
• The rise and fall of classical civilizations
  Zhou and
• Han China, India (South Asia) Gupta Empire,
• Greece and Rome
• Major belief systems polytheism, animism,
• Hinduism Confucianism, Daoism,
• Buddhism, Christianity

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Building Blocks of Civilization

• What is a Civilization? (often called advanced
  urban society nowadays)
• Economic System
• Political Organization
• Moral Code (Religion with hierarchy)
• Written Language (a technological advancement)
  and Intellectual Tradition
• Division of Labor

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Early Man

• Beginnings of Humans
• Hominids 3 to 4 million years on earth
• Hominids were primates
• Earliest Hominids called Australopithecine
• Bipeds
• Other Types of Early Man
• Homo Habilis, Homo Erectus, Homo Sapiens

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Stone Age

• Paleolithic Age (Old Stone Age)
• Tools were used
• Simple Huts
• Fire
• Hunter Gatherer Societies
• Family or Clan Groupings
• Political Organizations Begin
• Art and Music also practiced
• Agricultural Revolution Neolithic Revolution
• Occurred around end of Great Ice Age
• Rapid Population Growth
• Need for Change of Food Supply, more standard
• New Skills Needed
• Pastoralism and Agriculture
• Begins with Domestication of Plants and Animals

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Results of Agricultural Revolution

• Many Diversified Crops developed
• Development of Communities and Villages
• Not Based on family ties
• Lead to formation of Cities
• Early Religions form around Harvest and Planting
  Seasons sky religions
• Specialization of Labor
• Improved Tools
• Development of Social Classes

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River Valley Civilizations

• Mesopotamia
• Tigris and Euphrates River Valley
• Fertile Crescent floods were unpredictable
• Written Language Cuneiform
• Epic of Gilgamesh
• Hammurabis Code
• Egypt
• Nile River valley Upper and Lower Egypt
• Inundation regular flooding Schedule
• Monarchy Pharaoh and Small class of Priests
• Duality Complex Religion, Mummification
• Many great Inventions and Advances

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River Valley Civilizations

• Indus Valley
• Indus and Ganges Rivers
• Reason for decline not known may be soil
  exhaustion
• Highly unified and organized government
• Artistic
• China
• Yellow River valley
• Shang China first dynasty
• Monarchy
• Bronze work, silk making, pottery, jade
• Zhou Dynasty Many Advancements
• Mandate of heaven

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Middle East Civilizations

• Persians
• Created one of the largest empires on world
  history from Turkey to Lybia
• Cyrus the Great was first king, Darius the Great
• Advanced Postal System (spies), Roads, Single
  Currency, and Decentralized Government
• Zoroastrianism Primary Religion
• Fell to Alexander the Great
• Phoenicians
• Syria and Lebanon
• Advanced Export Economy
• Skilled Traders
• Established Carthage
• First Alphabet

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Ancient Greece

• Aegean, Minoan, Mycenaean Civilizations
• Trading Societies
• Conquest (Trojan war)
• Joined into single Culture called Hellenes or
  Greeks
• Greek City States Polis
• Athens, Sparta
• Athens educated, great thinkers
• Sparta Warlike, Soldiers, Military Strength
• Beginnings of Democracy
• Began in Athens
• Pericles
• Not full enfranchisement
• Most representative Government in Ancient World

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Ancient Greece

• Peloponnesian War
• Conflict between Athens and Sparta
• Left Greece Weak
• Open to conquest from Persians and then
  Macedonian Alexander the Great
• Alexander the Great
• Great Conqueror, took over Asia, Persian Empire,
  territory to borderlands of India
• Spread Greek Culture throughout Eurasia
• Hellenic Culture
• Science was important, Geometry, physics,
  mathematics and astronomy
• Poetry (Homer), Drama(Sophocles, Aeschyles,
  Euripedes) Philosophy, (Socrates, Plato)

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Ancient Rome

• Roman Republic
• Tensions between Plebeians (lower class) and
  Patrician (upper class)
• Beginning of Roman expansion
• Punic Wars
• Three Campaigns against Carthage (for control of
• Mediterranean Sea
• Rome was Victorious
• Began expanding to the East (Greece, Balkans)
• Collapse of Roman Republic
• Too Much expansion
• Caused Social Problems, Civil wars, disease
• Solidification of Leadership under single hand
• Roman empire
• Julius Caesar, Octavian (Caesar Agustus)

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Han Dynasty

• Strongest and longest dynasty
• --Confucianist
• Expansionist Empire
• Postal system
• Roads
• Defensive fortifications
• Weak Leadership caused collapse
• Corruption and leadership issues

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• Similarities between the Fall of Rome and the
  Fall of the Han Dynasty
• Nomadic Invaders
• Economic Stagnation and Contraction
• Disease
• Growing decentralization of the government
• Loss of faith in the society

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India

• Aryans
• Nomadic Group invaded India
• Earliest Europeans
• Conquered the Dravidians (Dark Skinned Indians)
• Established Warrior Aristocracy
• Established Sanskrit
• Vedic and Early Hindu faith
• Caste System
• Priests (Brahmins)
• Warriors and Political Rulers (Kshatruyas)
• Commoners
• Servants and Peasants
• The Untouchables
• Born into Caste Cannot be changed

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India Continued

• Mauryan empire
• Ashoka famous Emperor
• Converted to Buddhism
• Collapsed from outside attacks
• Gupta Empire
• Religious toleration
• Muslim invaders

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• Religious Traditions
• Animismthe belief that all things in the
• world are infused with spirit. Certain
  spirits
• must remain pleased in order to create
• order in the universe.

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Religions

• Judaism
• Hebrews
• Monotheistic (cultural hearth in Palestine)
• YAWEH
• Covenant--
• Islama salvation tradition
• Founded by Muhammad (cultural hearth in Arabia)
• Five Pillars
• Allah

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Religions Continued

• Christianitya salvation tradition
• Messiah Jesus (cultural hearlth in Palestine
  during the Roman Empire)
• Evangelical
• Hinduism (cultural hearth in South Asia)
• Bramin, Multiple Gods, Darma, Karma,
  Reincarnation, Caste System
• Buddhisma salvation tradition
• 4 Noble truths (cultural hearth in South Asia)
• 8 fold path
• Daoism (Taoism) (cultural hearth in East Asia)
• The Way
• Harmony with Nature

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Consider the shared traits of River Valley
Civ.s Consider the shared traits of Classical
Empires Why did Civ.s fail? Trade? Technology?
Patriarchy? Religious Traditions? Environmen
tal concerns