Incan Empire

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Incan Empire

• Ch. 16 Sec. 4

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Horrible History-Bob Hale Report
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Incan Empire

1. What continent was the Incan Empire on?
2. What direction would you travel from the Incan
   Empire to the Aztec Empire?
3. Name two bodies of water listed on this map.

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Origins of the Incan Empire

• Inca was the name of the ruling family that
  controlled lands in the Valley of Cuzco
• Believed the empire was descended from the Sun
  God
• Leader could only be chosen from the original 11
  families
• All dead rulers were worshipped and preserved as
  sacred mummies

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Pachacuti

• Incan Emperor started
  in 1438
• Expanded empire to
  include all of Peru,
  west coast of South America
  from Ecuador to Chile
  and Argentina

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Pachacuti

• Incan military was very powerful but Pachacuti
  only used it when there was no other choice
• Changed kingdom to empire through diplomacy and
  military conquest

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Horrible Histories-Pachacuti
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Incan Government

• Incans added territory to their empire by a
  combination of military force and diplomacy
• Incans built many new
  cities throughout
  conquered territories
• Built many roads to
  connect the new cities
• All road led to the capital,
  Cuzco

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Incan Government

• Mita tribute of labor demanded from everyone
  by the government
• Usually paid in labor (had to work a certain
  number of days each year for the government)
• Were able to use advanced technology
• to build complex structures

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Incan Socialism

• Government controlled most economic activity
• Regulated production and distribution of goods
• Citizens expected to work for the state and were
  cared for by the government in exchange

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Incan Socialism

• Land was divided between state, church, and
  community
• No private ownership of land
• Incan Welfare System helped increase loyalty of
  conquered peoples

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Incan Roads

• Roads had two main parts, one through the
  mountains and the other along the coast
• Messengers carried mail along the roads
• The extensive road system connected all parts of
  the empire for trade

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Horrible Histories-Incan Messenger
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Incan Record Keeping

• Incans developed two calendars (day and night)
  to provide information about the Gods
• Incans never developed
  a writing system
• Instead used Quipu to
  record data

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Incan Record Keeping

• Quipu set of knotted strings used to record
  data (accounting records). Knots and their
  position on the cord indicated numbers and
  significance.

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Incan Religion

• King was considered a descendant of the Sun God
  (Inti)
• Priests led Sun worship services and were
  assisted by Virgins of the Sun
• Virgins of the Sun unmarried women who served
  the church for a lifetime
• Trained in religious activities as teachers,
  spinners, weavers, and beer makers

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Incan Religion

• Temple of the Sun in Cuzco was the most sacred
  religious site

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Fall of the Incan Empire

• Struggle between rivals for the Incan throne
• People unable to care for themselves after
  welfare was eliminated
• Spanish arrived and were
  able to divide and conquer
  the Incas

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Quick Review

1. The tax that the Incan state placed on its
   people, the mita, is also known as what?
2. The Incan system of government was?
3. Why does Pachacuti stand out in Incan history?
4. The combination of what two things allowed the
   Incans to add territory to their empire?

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Quick Review

1. What system increased the loyalty of the
   conquered people?
2. Why did the Inca Empire decline?
3. What continent were the Inca located?

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Quick Review

1. The tax that the Incan state placed on its
   people, the mita, is also known as what? Tribute
   of Labor
2. The Incan system of government was? Socialism
3. Why does Pachacuti stand out in Incan history?
   Ruler that expanded the kingdom into an Empire
4. The combination of what two things allowed the
   Incans to add territory to their empire? Military
   force and diplomacy

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Quick Review

1. What system increased the loyalty of the
   conquered people? Welfare
2. Why did the Inca Empire decline? Struggle between
   2 rulers, people unable to care for themselves,
   Spanish
3. What continent were the Inca located? South
   America