TYPES OF LAWS

1
TYPES OF LAWS

• 6.02

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COMMON LAW

• Law from custom, tradition, and judicial decisions

3
COMMON LAW

• EXAMPLE
• No existing statute indicates when an individual
  becomes the custody of police therefore, courts
  determine the answer to this question based on
  precedent.

4
CRIMINAL LAW

• Penal law
• Breaking the legal code
• Law covering harms against the state

5
CRIMINAL LAW

• EXAMPLE
• Theft, substance abuse, sex offenses, murder
  any case brought against a defendant by the state.

6
CIVIL LAW

• Laws covering contracts and relations between
  individuals
• No crime has been committed

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CIVIL LAW

• EXAMPLES
• family law (divorce), alimony, child custody
• tort law (negligence or wrongful act/omission
  causing death, personal injury, or property
  damage)
• probate law (handling the estate of someone who
  has died)
• labor law (anything having to do with the
  workplace)

8
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

• Law found in the Constitution and that interprets
  the Constitution

9
CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

• EXAMPLE
• A court refuses to appoint a lawyer to a
  defendant who cant afford one.
• Any case where the state becomes the defendant in
  a question regarding a constitution and its
  amendments.

10
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

• Law that governs the powers of regulatory agencies

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ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

• EXAMPLE
• The Environmental Protection Agency called for a
  stop to businesses dumping their toxic wastes
  into the ocean.
• Regulations passed by the regulatory agencies.

12
Examples of Regulatory Agencies

• Agencies that regulate specific industries
• Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) 1887
• Railroads, trucking, pipelines, barges, express
  carriers
• Federal Reserve Board (FRB) - 1913
• Banks
• Federal Trade Commission (FTC)- 1913
• Interstate Trade
• Federal Power Commission (FPC) - 1930
• Public utilities
• Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - 1931
• Food, drugs, cosmetics
• Federal Communications Commission (FCC) 1934
• Radio, television, telephone, telegraph
• Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) - 1967
• Airline safety
• National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
  (NHTSA) - 1970
• Motor vehicles

13
Examples of Regulatory Agencies

• Agencies that regulate specific functions
• Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) - 1934
• Sales of securities
• National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) - 1935
• Labor-management relations
• Equal Employment Opportunity Commission - (EEOC)
  - 1964
• Hiring practices
• Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) - 1970
• Pollution of the environment
• Occupational Safety and Health Administration
  (OSHA) - 1971
• Conditions in workplaces
• Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) - 1972
• Design and labeling of goods

14
STATUTORY LAW

• Laws passed by a legislative body (governing
  authority).

15
STATUTORY LAW

• EXAMPLE
• Littering
• Restrictions on certain fireworks in NC

16
INTERNATIONAL LAW

• Law that covers the rules and principles
  pertaining to the relationship between nations or
  between people in different nations.

17
INTERNATIONAL LAW

• EXAMPLE
• Treaty based

18
Which type of law is this?

• A court removes a child from a guardians custody
  because of neglect.
• CIVIL LAW

19
Which type of law is this?

• Cases about unemployment, distribution of food
  stamps, and workers compensation benefits.
• ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

20
Which type of law is this?

• Leandro vs. the State of North Carolina
• CONSTITUTIONAL LAW

21
Which type of law is this?

• In a case where a young person who is a US
  citizen with a parent who lives in another
  country, the courts duty to serve that parent
  papers. The court must follow the law(s) of the
  other country.
• INTERNATIONAL LAW

22
Which type of law is this?

• In the case of privacy law, the question of what
  is reasonable search and seizure is determined by
  the individual court.
• COMMON LAW

23
Which type of law is this?

• A municipality does not follow proper procedure
  to annex a new territory.
• STATUTORY LAW

24
Which type of law is this?

• The Elizabeth Smart case The abductors are
  considered a danger to society.
• CRIMINAL LAW