Ch. 17, Lesson 1: The Industrial Revolution

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Ch. 17, Lesson 1 The Industrial Revolution
EQ How can inventions affect ways of life?
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Ch. 17, Lesson 1 Vocabulary (pg. 316)

• Industrial Revolution (pg. 316, into.)
• Labor
• Capital
• Entrepreneurs
• Cottage industry
• Urbanization (pg. 320)

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The Industrial Revolution

• Industrial Revolution is a change from an
  economy based on farming and handcrafts, to an
  economy based on manufacturing by using machines
  in factories.
• Began in Great Britain in 1780s, then spread
  throughout European and northern United States.

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Why did it start in Britain?

• Britain had an Agricultural Revolution led to
  increased food supply
• Increase food supply led to population grow
• Britain had capital (money available for
  investment) and entrepreneurs
• Britain had natural resourcesrivers, minerals,
  etc.
• Britain had a market to sell its goods, colonies
  overseas

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The Revolution Began with Cotton

• Britain was leader in cotton production
• Spinners made cotton thread from raw materials
• Weavers wove cotton thread into cloth using looms
  
• People did this in their homes (cottages), thus
  the process is called cottage industry.
• Technological advances made cottage industry
  inefficient.

https//www.youtube.com/watch?vd4joqYycnqM 4 35

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Activity

• As you read Cotton Production and New Factories
  (pg. 317)identify the three inventions and
  inventors that changed the cotton production
  industry in England.
• Then, explain how their invention changed the
  cotton production industry in England.

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James Hargreaves The Spinning Jenny

• Hargreavess machine allowed spinners to
  produced thread faster

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James Watts Steam Engine

• James Watt enabled the steam engine to drive
  machineries
• Steam engines now used to spin and weave cotton

https//www.youtube.com/watch?vd4joqYycnqM 650
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The Coming of the Railroad Trevithicks Engine

• In 1801, Richard Trevithick first attached a
  steam engine to a wagon.
• Trevithicks engine was not successful for moving
  people, but he had planted the idea of human
  train transport.

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George Stephensons Rocket

• Just a few years later, George Stephenson
  designed and built the Rocket, the first steam
  locomotive practical for pulling rolling stock
  (train cars).

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Social Impact of Industrialization

• Industrial Revolution changed society
• Between 1800-1850 cites grew
• Also two new social classes emerged
• Industrial middle class
• Industrial working class

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Population Growth and Cities

• Population Growth in Europe
• 1750 140 million people
• 1850 266 million people
• Industrialization also led to urbanizationpeople
  left the country and move to the cities to work
  in factories
• Cities also grew throughout Europeled to pitiful
  living conditions, poverty, and diseases.

https//www.youtube.com/watch?vd4joqYycnqM 830
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Activity 1 New Social Classes

• Read New Social Classes pg. 320.
• Contrast the Two Social Classes that emerged
  during the Industrial Revolution.
• Activity directions
• 1. Define the social classes.
• 2. Write 2 characteristics about each class.

Industrial Middle Class Industrial Working Class
Define Define
Characteristic 1 Characteristic 1
Characteristic 2 Characteristic 2
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Labor Conditions

• Factories were crowded, dark, and dirty
• Workers toiled from dawn to dusk
• Working conditions were dangerous

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Women Labor

• Factory owners hired women and children because
  they worked for lower wages
• Women gained economic power and independence
• Before industrialization, it was almost
  impossible for a woman to remain single and live
  on her own

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Child Labor

• Malnourishment
• Beatings
• Runaways sent to prison
• Factory owners argued that child labor was good
  for the economy and helped build children's
  characters
• https//www.youtube.com/watch?vU2M9i1Wy6IU

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Activity 2 Analyzing Primary Sources

• Read Analyzing Primary Sources (Pg. 320)
• Document The British Parliament Report on the
  Condition of Child Labor
• Date Written 1857
• After you finish reading it
• Answer the DBQ question
• Why might the British Parliament have examined
  the conditions of child factory workers? Explain
  in a paragraph, providing at least 2 statements
  of support.

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Home Learning

• Industrial Revolution Worksheet 1 and 2
• Due Monday, April 6.
• YOU HAVE A QUIZ ON THIS DATE!!

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Assessment

• Have students write a diary entry from the
  perspective of an industrial male, female or
  child laborer working in a factory arguing for
  changes in the working conditions and subsequent
  living conditions they had to endure.