RECONSTRUCTION

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RECONSTRUCTION
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• RECONSTRUCTION
• WHAT WOULD YOU HAVE DONE TO RECONSTRUCT THE UNION
  AFTER THE CIVIL WAR?
• (what do you think the South would need to do in
  order to rejoin the Union?)

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• 13th Amendment abolished slavery
• 14th Amendment nationalized citizenship
• 15th Amendment gave all male citizens the right
  to vote
• Northern Southern Invaders
• -Carpetbaggers Northerners who went South to
  prey on the poor
• -Scalawags Southerners who worked with fed.
  govt. to hurt South govt. take money from states

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• Freedmens Bureau
• -to provide food, clothing, ed. (greatest
  accomplishment
• -supposed to give out 40 acres of abandoned or
  confiscated land to Black settlers
• -would eventually be dissolved due to inability
  to accomplish its goals

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• RECONSTRUCTION PLANS
• -Lincoln did not believe the South needed to be
  severely punished
• -dev. the 10 Plan (required only 10 of a state
  to swear allegiance to the US)
• -but he died before it could be put into action
• -Radical Republicans (wanted to punish the South)
  were happy
• -believed VP Andrew Johnson would do as he was
  told

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• Johnsons Surprise
• -he believed the same way as Lincoln
• -To come back into the Union, Southern States
• (1) took away certain Confed. voting rights
• (2) special state conventions to nullify the
  secession orders,
• (3) to ratify the 13th Amendment

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• Dec 1865 Southern leaders came to Cong. to
  claim their seats
• -Radical Rep did not want them there because they
  would take away their exclusive control of
  Congress
• -but Johnson did not agree on Dec. 6, 1865 he
  said the South had met the requirements Union
  now restored

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• 1866, Congress, now controlled by the Radical Rep
  took the opportunity to pass Military Recon.
  Act of 1867
• -divided South into 5 military districts
• -each commanded by Union generals troops
• -took away voting rights of former Confederates
• -condition for readmission
• (1) had to ratify the 14th Amend.
• (2) in state const. had to allow former slaves
• the right to vote

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• 1869 Tenn was first to be readmitted
• By 1877 troops were removed, all had been
  readmitted it became solid Dem.

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• Black Codes
• -new southern govts. created these to regulate
  Blacks actions
• -they were created to limit freedoms
• gt-they could marry freely,
• -not serve on juries,
• -some forbad them from leasing property,
• -punished them for unemployment by putting them
  on chain gangs,
• -none could vote
• -many became sharecroppers

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• To keep people from voting
• -Grandfather Clause
• -Literacy Tests
• -Poll Taxes
• Ku Klux Klan (1866)
• frightened Blacks not to vote
• Congress tried to stop them with the Force Act of
  1870-1871 but did not work

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• Johnsons Impeachment
• -Congress still upset with Johnsons behavior
  decided to remove him
• -Congress passed the Tenure of Office Act 1867
  which required the Pres. to get Sen. approval to
  remove an appointee
• to keep Sec. of War Edwin Stanton to get him
  to break the law

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• -Johnson wanted to see how far Sen. would go (he
  believed it to be unconst.) so he fired Stanton
• -House moved to impeach him 126 to 47 now on to
  the Sen.
• -May 16,1868 only one vote saved him
• 1867 Sec. of State Seward purchased Alaska from
  Russia for 7.2 million