Ch. 16: Managing Change and Organizational Learning

1
Ch. 16 Managing Change and Organizational
Learning

• External Forces
• Demographics
• Technology
• Customer market changes
• Social political environment
• Internal Forces
• Culture
• Morale and attitudes
• Experience with change

2
Views on Managing ChangeHolistic Model of
Change Agency

• A change agent facilitates, implements, champions
  and manages change
• A change agent can be internal or external to the
  organization
• Gilley et al. (2001)

3
Views on Managing ChangeHolistic Model of
Change Agency

• Four Core Roles
• 1. Business partner (BRAIN)
• 2. Servant leader (HEART)
• 3. Change champion (COURAGE)
• 4. Future shaper (VISION)

4
Views on Managing ChangeManaging Transitions

• CHANGE is situational, the context
• TRANSITION is the psychological process we go
  through to come to terms with the new situation
  (I.e., the change).
• Bridges (1991)

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Views on Managing ChangeManaging Transitions (2)

• Transition is essential
• change will not work without it
• Transition Steps
• 1. Ending
• 2. Neutral Zone
• 3. New beginning
• Transitions often happen much more slowly than
  the external change.

6
Views on Managing ChangeCox (2001) Change Model

• 1. Leadership
• Vision, philosophy
• Personal involvement
• Communication strategy
• 2. Research and measure
• Culture assessment
• Benchmarking

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Views on Managing ChangeCox (2001) Change Model

• 3. Education
• Re managing change
• Develop in-house expertise
• 4. Alignment of management system
• E.g., recruiting, hiring, perf. mgmt., TD
• 5. Follow-up
• Accountability
• Continuous improvement

8
Views on Managing ChangeKotters 8 Stage Model

• 1. Establishing sense of urgency
• 2. Creating a guiding coalition
• 3. Developing a vision and strategy
• 4. Communicating the change vision
• 5. Empowering broad-based action
• Kotter (1996, 2002)

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Views on Managing ChangeKotters 8 Stage Model
(2)

• 6. Creating short-term wins
• 7. Consolidating gains and producing more
  change
• 8. Anchoring new approaches in the culture
• Kotter (1996, 2002)

10
Views on Managing ChangeNickols Change Mgmt 101

• 3 Goals in moving from one state to another
• a. Transform
• b. Reduce
• c. Apply

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Views on Managing ChangeLewins Change Model

• 1. Unfreezing
• 2. Changing
• 3. Refreezing
• So, what skills are required to be a change agent?