MATTER: PHYSICAL AND CHEMCIAL PROPERTIES

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MATTER PHYSICAL AND CHEMCIAL PROPERTIES

• Grade 9 Academic Science
• Cardinal Ambrozic Catholic Secondary School

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PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

• Characteristics of a substance that can be
  determined without changing the composition of
  the substance
• How can we observe and determine physical
  properties?

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QUALITATIVE PROPERTIES

• Properties of a substance made using our senses.
  This does not provide us with numerical
  information.
• Example Mr. Selvam is brown and his pants
  are black.

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QUANTITATIVE PROPERTIES

• Properties of a substances made by making
  measurements using measuring devices. This does
  provide us with numerical information.
• Example Mr. Selvam is 6 ft. tall

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Properties and the senses

• Colour
• Is the matter red, green, yellow, colourless
• Odour
• Is it odorless, spicy, sharp, pungent
• Taste
• Is it sweet, sour, salty, bitter
• Texture
• Is it fine, coarse, smooth, gritty

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COLOUR

• Pretty easy to understand!

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TEXTURE

• The feel or shape of a surface or substance
• An object can be smooth or rough

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ODOUR

• A property of a substance that someone can
  experience with the sense of smell

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LUSTRE

• The level of reflection or the shininess of an
  object

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CLARITY

• The ability of a substance to allow light through

TYPE OF OPTICAL CLARITY DEFINITION
TRANSPARENT
TRANSLUCENT
OPAQUE
Describe the following glasses?
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BRITTLENESS

• The breakability or flexibility of an object

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VISCOSITY

• Viscosity refers to the flow of a liquid and its
  resistance.
• High Viscosity Thick Fluid Less Flow
• Low Viscosity Runny Fluid More Flow

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Hardness

• The ability of a substance to scratch or be
  scratched by another substance

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MALLEABILITY

• Ability to be hammered,
• beaten or rolled into shape
• without breaking apart

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DUCTILITY

• Ability to be stretched without
• breaking apart or being drawn
• into wire

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ELECTRICAL/HEAT CONDUCTIVITY

• The ability of a substance to allow electric
  current and heat to pass through

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CRYSTAL FORMATION

• The ability of a substance to form crystals
• Even household substances look like crystals
  close up Can you guess the image on the right?

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SOLUBILITY

• The ability of a substance to dissolve in a
  liquid (like water)

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BOILING POINT OR CONDENSATION POINT

• The temperature of boiling (liquid to gas) or
  (gas to liquid) condensation
• This is usually the same temperature
• For water, this temperature is 100 C

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MELTINg point or freezing point

• Temperature of melting (solid to liquid) or
  freezing (liquid to solid)
• This is usually the same temperature
• For water, this is 0 ºC

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STATES OF MATTER

• Can either be in the form of a solid, liquid or a
  gas

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CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

• The properties and abilities of a substance when
  in changes into a new substance in a chemical
  reaction
• How can we determine the chemical properties of
  matter?

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COMBUSTIBILITY (Ability to burn)

• The property of being capable of igniting into a
  flame, producing heat or producing light

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REACTION WITH ACID

• The ability of a substance to react with acid
• Magnesium Acid ? We will see in next class!

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breakfast

• What properties are present in this breakfast?