The Rise of

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The Rise of Franklin Delano Roosevelt
The Imperial President
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(No Transcript)
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Great Depression Problems

• Bank Failures
• Stock Market Crash
• Farm Failures
• High Unemployment
• Limited welfare system and lack of relief
  agencies
• Drop in home ownership
• Minorities hit the hardest and received the
  least amount of aid
• School Closures

President Hoover appears to be unwilling to
provide relief for the Great Depression
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Who was FDR?

• Born in 1882 to a wealthy and prominent family
• Raised to believe that wealthy should look after
  the poor
• Believed governments primary role was to
  respond to social need
• Stricken with Polio in 1921 (at the age of 39
  years) public did not know
• President for 12 years during the two of the
  nations biggest crises -Great Depression and
  WWII
• Only President elected for 4 terms
• known to represent the common man
• ability to convey sympathetic concern for all

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Election of 1932

• Hoover was a Republican, FDR was a Democrat
• FDR Received 57 of popular vote and 472/531
  electoral votes
• Election called the Roosevelt Revolution
• Greatest change in voter history
• Realignment of voter alliances
• Democrats now included farmers, industrial and
  white-collar workers, African Americans,
  immigrants, women, and intellectuals

• FDR ran against Hoover on a New Deal campaign
  a program to solve the problems of the Great
  Depression

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Blue States Voted for Hoover Red States Voted
for Roosevelt
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New Deal

• The New Deal Programs would provide
• Relief short term plan to give money directly
  to the people
• Recovery designed to stimulate production and
  restore the economy
• Reform long term plan to insure that another
  depression would not occur

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New Deal continued

• 100 Days
• in FDRs first 100 days in office he pushed 15
  pieces of legislation through Congress to fight
  the Depression
• he focused on stabilizing financial
  institutions, providing relief, creating jobs,
  and regulating the economy
• he used expansionary fiscal monetary policy
  (i.e. increased the amount of money in
  circulation)
• EXAMPLE day after taking office he declared a
  bank holiday (banks were closed so no one could
  withdraw their money) government inspected
  banks to determine when they could re-open
• Video on First Fireside Chat

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Election of 1936

• Between 6.5 12.5 million workers still
  unemployed
• Elected with 60.8 of popular vote (largest in
  history)
• Won every electoral vote but Maine and Vermont
• Number of votes for Democratic candidates
  increased by 205 from previous election

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Did the New Deal Work?
YES!

• improved labor conditions for many workers
  (secured rights of unions to use collective
  bargaining, minimum wage and hours laws)
• helped create lasting infrastructure (roads,
  bridges, public buildings)
• created some Federal Agencies that still exist
  today (ex FDIC SEC)
• Created a welfare system(ex Social Security)
• stabilized financial institutions
• provided millions of jobs

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Did the New Deal Work?
NO!

• there were some critics and opponents to the New
  Deal
• some felt that the New Deal gave the Federal
  Government and the President too much power
• increased federal deficit
• The Supreme Court declared some New Deal
  programs unconstitutional (ex NIRA AAA)
• some felt the New Deal did not do enough
• New Deal did not end Great Depression WWII did