My very own mini-moi

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My very own mini-moi
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The respiratory system

• Tuesday November 24th 2009

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Agenda

• The structure and function of the respiratory
  system.
• Making your own mini lung model.
• Homework.

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Its like a maze game but easier!
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Lesson objectives

• Describe the divisions of the respiratory system.

I thought when I agreed to donate my body for
science it was after I passed away.
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• Nasal cavity
• Pharynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Bronchioles
• Alveoli

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Respiratory system Anatomy
Structural
Functional

• 1) Upper
• -Nose
• -Pharynx
• -Larynx
• -Trachea
• 2) Lower
• -Bronchi
• -Bronchioles
• -Alveoli

• 1) Conducting
• Nasal cavity ? Bronchioles
• 2) Respiratory
• Alveoli

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Nose

• Only external part
• Provides airway for respiratory system
• Air enters via the nostrils
• Moistens, warms air, and filters the air
• Grows when you lie

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Nasal Cavity

• Divided in midline by nasal septum.
• Contains Turbinates (thin bones).
• Turbinates secrete mucous which moistens and
  filters the air.
• Capillaries in nasal cavity heats the incoming
  air.

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Pharynx

• Connects nasal cavity (and mouth) with larynx
  below.
• Made of skeletal muscle and lined with mucous.
• 3 sections
• -nasopharynx passage way only for air.
• -Oropharynx passage for air and food.
• -Laryngopharynx passage for air and closes
  during swallowing.

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Larynx

• 5 cm in length
• Connects to trachea (inferiorly)
• 3 main functions
• 1) prevents food from entering trachea
• 2) Permits passage of air
• 3) Produces vocalization (houses the vocal
  cords)

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Vocal Cords

• When breathing, vocal cords are fart apart.
• When speaking, vocal cords tense up and approach
  each other.
• The air that passes through the narrower space
  makes the cords vibrate and this produces a
  sound.
• A long cord produces a lower (pitch) sound
• A short cord produces a higher (pitch) sound

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Trachea (windpipe)

• 12 cm long, 2.5 cm diameter.
• Descends from Larynx to Bronchi.
• Made of semi-circular (C- shaped) cartilage
  rings.
• Esophagus lies posterior.

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Bronchi

• At level of your arm pits the trachea splits into
  two smaller passage ways called bronchi.
• Part that enters the lung

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How do you make a tissue dance?

• Put a little boogie in it!

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Mucociliary Elevator

• Passages are lined with ciliated cells and
  mucous.
• Mucous traps foreign particles and beating cilia
  push it to the top where we can
• -spit it out.
• -sneeze it out.
• Orewswallow it.

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Bronchioles

• The bronchi branch off into secondary gt tertiary
  bronchi
• After 23 divisions the very fine tubes are now
  called bronchioles.

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Bronchioles

• In here, the air is saturated, warmed to 37C, and
  filtered.
• End of conducting division

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The lower respiratory tract

• Bronchioles end in a grape like cluster of tiny
  sacs called alveoli.
• Alveoli are surrounded by a network of
  capillaries. It is in the alveoli that gas
  exchange occurs.

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Gas exchange

• O2 diffuses across the wall of the alveoli and
  into the blood to oxygenate it.
• CO2 diffuses from blood in capillaries (around
  the alveoli) to the alveoli.
• The alveoli walls are only 1 cell thick
• Alveoli are close proximity to the capillaries
  (short diffusion distance)

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The lungs (where)

• Found in the thoracic cavity surrounded by the
  ribs.

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LETS PLAY A GAME

• SPOT THE DIFFERENCE (S) IN THE PICTURES

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Lung anatomy

• Right lung 3 lobes
• Left lung 2 lobes
• Cardiac impression
• Apex
• Base

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Pleura

• 2 layers separated by a fluid filled cavity.
• Cushion and protect the lung like a force field.

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Building your own mini-you lung model

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vKw3m6U7Eed8