Japan Becomes an Imperialist Power

1
Imperial China and Japan Western Intervention
by Ms. Susan M. Pojer Shee
2
QING Remember?
TAKE NOTES!
3
BRITISH FIGHT BACK AGAINST THE CANTON SYSTEM
4
OPIUM WAR
BANNERMEN Traditional Chinese Fighters (like
Janissaries)
5
TREATY OF NANKING

• No more Canton System
• Treaty Ports went from 1 5 later 90
• Hong Kong became a British colony
• EXTRATERRITORIALITY RIGHTS for British citizens
  living in China
• Most-Favored Nation status
• Legalized the right to import opium
• Christian missionaries
• But resentment against foreigners!

6
TAIPING REBELLION (1850-1864)WEAKENS CHINA
UTOPIA or DYSTOPIA?
7
Japan becomes an imperialist power
Ms. Susan M. Pojer Mrs. Lisbeth RathHorace
Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
8
BACKGROUND

• Tokugawa Shokunate takeover Emperor has
  symbolic power, Shogun has all the power in
  provinces (China is centralized Japan is
  decentralized)BUT - Cant coordinate efforts and
  resources to resist invasion
• ERA OF PEACE
• When Europeans interfere and Japan worries about
  traditions - SECLUSION!!! All Europeans out!!!

9
1853 Commodore Matthew PerryOpens Up Japan
to Western Trade!
10
What Did the U. S. Want??

• Coaling stations.
• More trading partners.
• A haven for ship-wrecked sailors.

11
Perrys Black Ships
12
The Treaty of Kanagawa - 1854
13
Japan Learns a Lesson!
In 1862, just before the start of the Meiji
period, Tokugawa sent officials and scholars to
China to study the situation there. A Japanese
recorded in his diary from Shanghai The
Chinese have become servants to the foreigners.
Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's
no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.
14
Chinas Unequal Treaties

• After the Opium War of 1839-1842, Japan was
  convinced that it had to Open Up to the West.

15
The Shi-shi (Men of High Purpose)

• Highly idealistic samurai who felt that the
  arrival of Westerners was an attack on the
  traditional values of Japan.
• They believed that
• Japan was sacred ground.
• The emperor, now a figurehead in Kyoto, was a
  God.
• Were furious at the Shogun for signing treaties
  with the West without the Emperors consent.
• Their slogan ? Revere the Emperor, Expel
  the Barbarians!

16
The Meiji Revolt - 1868

• A group of samurai overthrow the
  Shogunate because they were angry that the
  Shogunate signed treaties with West without
  Emperors consent
• revere the emperor, expel barbarians afraid
  Japan would be under W. control!

17
The Shogunate Is Overthrown!

• The last Shogun.
• Tokugawa Yoshinobu.

18
The Emperor Is Restored to Power
MEIJI ? Enlightened Rule
19
MEIJI

• - Refers to restoring Emperor to power but also
  WHOLE PERIOD OF JAPANESE INDUSTRIAL MODERNIZATION
• Do not want to be western, but want to have
  political, economic and military equality to
  Western Powers while PRESERVING their culture
• A modern industrial economy under authoritarian,
  emperior rule! IMERIALISM!

20
Newspaper Cartoon, 1870s?
Enlightened Half-Enlightened Un-Enlightened
21
Modernization by Selective Borrowing

• Popular board game.
• Start by leaving Japan studying in
  various Western capitals.
• End by returning to Japan and becoming a
  prominent government official.

22
EuropeanGoods

• Europe began to loom large in the
  thinking of many Japanese.
• New slogan Japanese Spirit Western
  Technology!

23
The Japanese Became Obsessedwith Western Styles
Civilization and Enlightenment!
24
Everything Western Was Fashionable!
25
Everything Western Was Fashionable!
Japanese soldiers with their wives.
26
The Rulers Set the Tone with Western Dress
Emperor Meiji Empress Haruko
(1868- 1912)
27
Changing WomensFashions
The FirstMiss Japan(1908)
1900 Styles
28
LandRedistribution
Westernizethe SchoolSystem(Fr. Ger.)
Abolitionof the feudal system
ModernBankingSystem
Modernize the Army(Prussian)
MeijiReforms
WrittenConstitution(Germans)
Build aModern Navy(British)
Human Rights ReligiousFreedom
EmperorWorshipIntensified
29
Expansionism the Rise of Military Power
New players on the block?
30
Sino-Japanese War 1894-1895
The Meiji Emperor was in Hiroshima during
the Sino-Japanese War
31
Soldiers on the BattlefieldDuring the
Sino-Japanese War
The Treaty of Shimonoseki ended the war.
32
TodayTensions Between China Japan

• Offshore gas field in the East China Sea
  reveals recently strained relations between
  China Japan.
• Tension over disputed gas field on the rise,
  exacerbating mutual mistrust dating back to
  the Sino-Japanese War.

EEZ-Exclusive Economic Zone.
33
The Russo-Japanese War1904-1905
The Battle of TsushimaThe results startled the
world!
34
President Teddy Roosevelt Mediates the Peace
The Treaty of Portsmouth, NH ended the
Russo-Japanese War.
35
Japan Annexes Korea
36
Japan Is a Player in China
37
Competition from Another Pacific Power Is on
the Horizon
38
The U. S. Great White Fleet
39
But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .