French and American Revolution

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French and American Revolution
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• Both the French and American Revolutions are
  based on Enlightenment ideas
• The American Revolution created the independent
  United States of America, a country that became
  the epitome of modern democracy
• The French Revolution, partially inspired by the
  American Revolution, inspired the rise of
  nationalism and the formation of nation-states in
  Europe

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The American War for Independence

• In 1776, 13 English Colonies along the Eastern
  Coast of the New World (America) declared
  independence from the British empire
• 7 years later, the Treaty of Paris was signed
  declaring the United States a free and sovereign
  country

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Background THE FORMATION OF AMERICAN COLONIES

• Why did settlements in the Americas become
  attractive to European citizens in the 15th
  century?
• What benefits did they get from the American
  colonies?

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Background THE FORMATION OF AMERICAN COLONIES

• the colonies were home to diverse religions and
  ethnic groups
• social distinctions were more blurred than in
  Europe
• There was a good deal of political discussions
• Colonists felt entitled to the rights of the
  English citizens
• Colonists shared respect of individual enterprise
  and a growing self-confidence

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The Thirteen Colonies
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• What was the French and Indian War? What were its
  effects to Britain, to American colonists, and to
  Indians?

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• Explain the following policies
• Hat Act
• Iron Act
• Stamp Act
• Townshend Act
• Tea Act

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• What was the significance of the Boston Massacre
  to the American War of Independence?

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• What was the Intolerable Acts?
• What is the Continental Congress?

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What were the CAUSES and EFFECTS of the American
Revolution?

• CAUSES
• Unfair taxes
• Boston Massacre
• Enlightenment ideas
• Sense of identity (among the American colonists)

• EFFECTS
• Declaration of Independence
• Creation of a free Republic
• Bill of Rights and Constitution
• Influenced the French Revolution

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The French Revolution

• From the Middle Ages, France had one of the
  strongest monarchies in Europe
• However, the system of inequality brought about
  deep public discontent

• Frances absolute monarchy was eventually
  replaced by a republic
• The Revolutions final stage is the Napoleonic
  Era

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• What are the three Estates?
• What are the concerns of each estate that led to
  the calling of the Estates General?

What were the causes of Frances financial crisis?
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What was the motto of the French Revolution?
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• What was the significance of the storming of
  Bastille?
• What political changes were brought about by the
  French Revolution (immediate, mid-term, long
  term)?
• What were the four stages of the French
  Revolution?

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Declaration of rights
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• Louis XVI
• Marie Antoinette
• Sans Cullotes
• Jacobins
• Robespierre
• Napoleon Buonaparte

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• Long term causes
• Corrupt, inconsistent, and insensitive leadership
• prosperous members of the Third Estate resent
  the First and Second Estate
• Enlightenment Ideas

• Immediate causes
• Huge government debt, poor harvest and rising
  price of bread Failure of king to bring
  financial reform
• Forming of National Assembly Storming of
  Bastille

THE FRENCH REVOLUTION

• Immediate Effects
• France adopts the first written constitution
  French feudalism ends
• Declaration of the Rights of Men and Citizens
  Monarchy abolished
• Revolutionary France fights coalition of
  European powers Reign of Terror

• Long term effects
• Napoleon gains power
• Napoleonic Code established
• French conquests sparks Nationalism French
  public schools set up