An Age of Exploration

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An Age of Exploration

• Brooke Adams

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The First Europeans in North America

• The first Europeans in North America were
  actually Vikings.
• Leif Ericson discovered Canada around 1,000 A.D.
  however, they didnt establish a settlement there
  due to native problems.
• They went back to Greenland and Iceland after
  being runoft.
• They never really knew that they had discovered a
  new continent just a bunch of unfriendly
  natives.

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Viking Routes
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A few hundred years later

• Europeans begin to get interested in exploring
  and heres why

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The Silk Road

• In order for people in Europe to get highly
  valued goods such as dyes, silk perfumes, drugs,
  gold, jewels and spices (so food didnt taste
  horrible) it had to come from Asia.
• Folks called Middlemen would travel along the
  Silk Road trading with other merchants. By the
  time the goods got to Europe they were soooo
  expensive!

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The Silk Road(Can you see why things would cost
an arm and a leg?)
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Marco Polo1254-1324
Born in Italy he took off for 20 years and explored Asia. He came back, talked about how awesome and cheap everything was and European countries decided that they HAD to find a direct route.
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Polos Route
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Christopher Columbus1451-1506
Sailed for Spain. In 1492 took 3 ships and sailed west to look for a route east Landed in first in Trinidad and other Caribbean Islands.
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John Cabot1450-1499
From Italy but sailed for England 1497 sailed west and rediscovered Canada (Newfoundland) But since he knew that he had found a new continent most folks give him credit for the discovery
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Cabots Route
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• Ponce de Leon first Spaniard to set foot in
  present day United States.

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Hernando de Soto1500?-1542
Left Havana Cuba with 600 men, 200 horses, mules and dogs. They landed in Florida and marched north with guns, crossbows, small pox and a hunger for gold. Read pg. 107-108 to see the effect of his exploration.
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De Sotos Route
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Early Spanish Missions

• 1565 Captain General Pedro Menendez begins a
  colony in St. Augustine, Florida.
• A colony is a group of people who settle in a new
  land by who keep their ties to their homeland.
• Read p. 108-109 to find out how close we were to
  speaking Spanish instead of English today.

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• Missions were established at each Chiefdom.
• The goal was to convert the Natives to
  Christianity.

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• Though not successful in conversion the
  Missions did introduce Natives to the concept of
  colonization. Some missions effected the later
  names of the islands.

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• Fort King George
• Used as a fort to protect South Carolina from the
  sneaky Spaniards.

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Fort King George
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OLD FORT KING GEORGE Site of old Fort King
George, built in 1721 by Col. John Barnwell, of
South Carolina, under British Royal orders. This
tiny cypress blockhouse, 26 feet square, with 3
floors, and a lookout in the gable from which the
guard could watch over the Inland Waterway and
St. Simon's Island, was flanked by officers
quarters and barracks, and the entire area was
surrounded on all but the river side by a moat
and palisades. Garrisoned by his Majesty's
Independent Company, withreplacements of Colony
scouts, the fort was occupied for six years.
During that time more than 140 officers and
soldierslost their lives here and were buried on
the adjacent bluff.
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• The first of the British 18th century scheme of
  posts built to counteract French expansion in
  America, Fort King George was also a flagrant
  trespass upon Spanish territory, and during its
  occupation Spain continually demanded that it be
  destroyed. The troops were withdrawn to Port
  Royal in 1727, but until Oglethorpe arrived in
  Savannah in 1733 South Carolina kept two lookouts
  at old Fort King George.

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Henry Hudson1565-1611
Voyages in 1609-1611 Tried to find route to Pacific through North America Discovered Hudson River when he worked for the Dutch Discovered Hudson Bay with the English
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Hudsons Route
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Robert La Salle1643-1687
Looked for a route to east through North America First European to travel entire Mississippi River Established fur trade Named the river basis Louisiana and claimed it for France.
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LaSalles Route
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James Cook1728-1779
English explorer, mapmaker, and astronomer 1768-1779 traveled to Hawaii, Australia, and Antarctica First captain to prevent the disease scurvy
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James Cooks Route
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Daniel Boone1734-1820
Explored the Kentucky wilderness in 1769-1782 Traveled the Ohio River Found the Cumberland Gap in 1769-1782
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Daniel Boones Route
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Lewis and Clark1774-1809 1770-1838
In 1804 President Jefferson hired Lewis and Clark to explore the Louisiana Territory. Scientific trip Journey took 2 years, 4 months, and 10 days and covered 8000 miles.
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Lewis and Clarks Route
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• The End