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Beginning of Christianity

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1st 4th C. CE Dailies: Christianity What is the importance of the Nicene Creed? What did St. Paul do? Who are Gentiles? Describe the Church hierarchy. – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Beginning of Christianity


1
Beginning of Christianity
  • 1st 4th C. CE

2
Jesus (0-33 CE 6/4 BCE 29 CE)
  • Born in Bethlehem in Roman province of Judea
  • Grew up in the town of Nazareth
  • Lived during reign of Augustus
  • Educated in Judaism, became preacher
  • From 30-33 CE traveled through Judea and Galilee
    preaching
  • Taught
  • Single God father all men brothers
  • Love God above all
  • Life of each is sacred
  • Practice charity, justice, golden rule Do unto
    others as you would have them do unto you
  • All people can be cleansed of sin and are worthy
    of salvation

3
Jesus Death
  • Romans afraid because Jesus had aroused such
    strong feelings
  • Believed he endangered Roman Rule
  • 33 CE Roman governor Pontius Pilate arrested
    Jesus and ordered him crucified as a political
    rebel
  • His 12 disciples (followers) believed
  • He was the Son of God sent as the savior (Christ)
  • Proclaimed Jesus has risen from the dead and
    appeared to them
  • Teachings are written in the New Testament

4
Early Church Leaders
  • St. Paul (1st C. CE)
  • Jewish, but born in Greece, so he could appeal to
    Greeks
  • Saw Christianity as a universal religion
  • Directed missionaries to focus on the gentiles
    (non-Jewish people)
  • Wrote letters to many churches which became part
    of the New Testament
  • St. Peter (1st C. CE)
  • First Bishop of Rome
  • Shaped Churchs internal structure
  • Used bureaucracy of Roman Empire as his model

5
Travels of St. Paul
6
Spread of Christianity within Roman Empire 1st
4th Centuries CE
  • Christianity gained converts because
  • People dissatisfied with old pagan religions
  • Ideas of one God, universal love, eternal
    salvation, and equality appealed to many
  • Equality especially appealed to poor and
    oppressed
  • Missionaries traveled throughout empire
  • Impressive early church leaders courage,
    sincerity, ability
  • People impressed by early martyrs who died and
    were persecuted rather than denouncing their faith

7
More Christianity in Rome
  • Oppression and Persecution
  • Pagan priests feared doom of their religions
  • Upper class considered it a slave religion
  • Romans accused Christians of treason because
  • Refused to worship emperor
  • Refused to serve in army
  • Disapproved of gladiator fights and pagan rituals
  • 300 years Christians persecuted
  • Loss of citizenship, confiscation of property,
    torture, death BUT still grew

8
Triumph of Christianity
  • 313 Constantine ordered religious toleration by
    the Edict of Milan
  • 325 Church leaders called to Nicea to outline
    basic Christian beliefs Nicene Creed
  • 392 Theodosius proclaimed it official state
    religion

9
Nicene Creed (325 CE)
  • I believe in one God, the Father Almighty,
    Creator of heaven and earth, of all things
    visible and invisible.
  • And in one Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God, the
    only-begotten, born of the Father before all
    ages.
  • Light of light, true God of true God, begotten,
    not made, of one substance with the Father,
    through whom all things were made.
  • Who for us men and for our salvation, came down
    from heaven, and was incarnate from the Holy
    Spirit and Mary the Virgin, and became man.
  • He was also crucified for us under Pontius
    Pilate, and suffered and was buried. And He rose
    again on the third day, according to the
    scriptures.
  • And He ascended into heaven, and sits at the
    right hand of the Father. And He will come again
    with glory, to judge the living and the dead, and
    of His kingdom there will be no end.
  • And in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, and Giver of
    life, who proceeds from the Father, who together
    with the Father and the Son is worshipped and
    glorified, Who spoke through the prophets.
  • In one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church. I
    profess one baptism for the remission of sins. I
    expect the resurrection of the dead and the life
    of the world to come. Amen.

10
Church Structure
11
Dailies Christianity
  • What is the importance of the Nicene Creed?
  • What did St. Paul do?
  • Who are Gentiles?
  • Describe the Church hierarchy.
  • What did Theodosius do?

12
Dailies Day 2
  • What are the Gospels?
  • During what time period did Jesus live?
  • In what ways is Christianity a universal
    religions?
  • What is heresy?
  • How does Christianity appeal to the poor?
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