Lesson 8.1

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Lesson 8.1 Romes Beginnings
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The Origins of Rome
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What do you call a narrow body of land with water
on three sides?
A peninsula
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What is the name of the mountain range in the
northern part of Italy?
The Alps
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What is the name of the mountain range that runs
through Italy?
Apennines
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How is the geography of Italy different from the
the geography of Greece?
1. The mountains are easier to cross2. Italy
has better farmland
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How did the geography of Italy promote unity more
than the geography of Greece?
Because the mountains were easier to cross people
were able to interact easy so they werent as
isolated from each other.
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What first attracted people to settle in the area
thats now Italy?
The area had a mild climate and rich soil.
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How did the geography of Rome make it a good
place to settle?
1. Rome was near the Tiber River, which was
a good source of water.2. The river was far
enough away from Rome so people werent
afraid of being attacked by pirates.3.
Rome was built on 7 hills which made it hard
to attack.
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What first attracted people to settle in the area
thats now Italy?
The area had a mild climate and rich soil.
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What were the names of the two twin brothers who
legend says founded Rome?
Romulus and Remus
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What term is used to describe the first people to
settle in Rome?
Latins
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What did the Latins learn from the Greeks who
settled in Rome?
How to grow olives and grapes.
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What influence did Greek technology have on the
Latins?
- Romans copied the Greek alphabet- Romans
modeled their architecture, sculpture and
literature after the Greeks.
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What was the name of the group of people north of
Rome who came in and took control of Rome for
more than 100 years?
Etruscans
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What were the strengths of the Etruscan people?

• They were skilled metalworkers- They were
  successful miners and traders
• The forced enslaved people to do the most
  difficult work for them.- They had a very strong
  army

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What were some major changes that the Etruscans
made to Rome?
- They built wood and brick buildings- They
designed streets, temples and public buildings
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What group of peoples first wore togas?
The Etruscans
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The Birth of a Republic
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What positive effect did Etruscan rule have on
Rome?
Rome became wealthy and powerful when the
Etruscans were in charge.
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What does the word rebel mean?

• To fight against a group or idea
• To protest

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Why did the Romans rebel against the Etruscans?
The Etruscan ruling family, the Tarquins, was
very cruel
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What do you call a government in which the leader
is voted into office?
A republic
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How did Rome manage to grow from a small city to
a large empire?
They fought against and conquered their neighbors
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Why were the Romans able to take over most of
Italy?
They had a very strong military with excellent
soldiers.
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Who served in the military?
Every male citizen who owned land
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What term is used to describe people who leave
the military without permission?
deserters
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How were deserters in the Roman army punished?
They were killed.
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Why did Roman armies change the way they lined up
and marched in battle?
The long rows upon rows of soldiers were slow
and hard to control.
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What term was used to describe the smaller groups
that the Roman army was divided into?
legions
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What advantage did the Roman legions have over
other militaries?
Because they were smaller in number they could
cut through enemy lines.
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What is a gladius?
A short sword that Romans used.
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What is a pilum?
A spear that the Roman military used.
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What do you call the large poles that each unit
in the Roman army carried into battle?
A standard
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What did the Romans do to help maintain control
over the territories they conquered?
They built permanent military settlements in
those areas.
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What did the Romans do to make it easier to
travel between their military settlements?
They built roads connecting them.
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What do you call the type of government that the
Romans set up to rule the conquered territories?
The Roman Confederation
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What did the Roman Confederation do to help to
make sure that the conquered people didnt revolt?
They treated them pretty well. They let them take
care of local issues as long as they paid taxes
to the Roman government. They sometimes let them
become Roman citizens.