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THE TEACHINGS OF ISLAM
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• Essential Question
• What are the major teachings of Islam?

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ISLAMS ORIGIN
Islam is a religion that was founded in the early
600s in Arabia (present-day Saudi Arabia)
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ISLAMS ORIGIN
An Arabian named Muhammad was inspired to become
a prophet after a vision of the angel Gabriel
told him he was sent to Earth by God to do so
The new religion he invented would be called
Islam and his followers called Muslims
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BELIEFS OF ISLAM
Muslims (as well as Jews and Christians) all
trace their origins back to Abraham, who was the
father of the Hebrews
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BELIEFS OF ISLAM
According to Muslim belief, the words of the
angel Gabriel to Muhammad are what makes up the
Quran, which is Islams holy book
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BELIEFS OF ISLAM
Muslims believe that the Jews Torah and the
Christians Bible are also Gods word, but they
believe that the Quran is Gods FINAL revelation
to the world, showing the way God wants people to
behave and worship
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BELIEFS OF ISLAM
Because the Muslims respect parts of the Bible
and Torah, they consider Christians and Jews
People of the Book
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BELIEFS OF ISLAM
Islam is monotheistic, worshipping only one God
(the same God of Judaism and Christianity)
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BELIEFS OF ISLAM
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BELIEFS OF ISLAM
The rules and guidelines Muslims go by in regards
to their religious practices are called the Five
Pillars of Islam
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM SHAHADAH
The First Pillar is called shahadah, or
profession of faith, in which Muslims declare
their belief in one God and in Muhammads role as
the final prophet
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM SHAHADAH
There is no god but God, and Muhammad is the
messenger of God
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM SHAHADAH
Shahadah means Muslims not only believe in God
(or Allah), but pledge their submission to God
to gain the reward of Heaven in the afterlife
Muslims share the same Judeo-Christian belief
that God rewards good people with Heaven and
punishes evil people with Hell
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM SALAT
The Second Pillar is Salat, which means daily
ritual prayer prayer must be done five times
per day (dawn, noon, midday, sunset, and at night)
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM SALAT
Before praying, Muslims must perform ritual
washings of their hands, arms, face, and feet
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM SALAT
Muslim places of worship are called mosques
however, Muslims may worship anywhere
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM SALAT
Wherever they are in the world, Muslims face in
the direction of Mecca when they pray
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM ZAKAT
The Third Pillar is zakat, which means
alms-giving this is giving money to the poor
Muslims believe sharing wealth makes it pure and
helps control greed
Zakat is similar to the charitable donations made
by Jews and Christians to support their
communities
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM ZAKAT
According to Islam, Muslims must donate
one-fortieth (or 2.5) of their income with their
poorer neighbors
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM SIYAM
The Fourth Pillar is Siyam, or fasting (going
without food)
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM SIYAM
Muslims fast during the month of Ramadan, the
ninth month of the Muslim calendar
Ramadan honors the month Gabriel revealed Gods
message to Muhammad
Muslims go without food or drink from sunrise to
sunset, then attend special prayer sessions at
mosques
Fasting teaches them self-control and reminds
them of what it would be like to be poor
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM SIYAM
Ramadan ends with a celebration feast day called
Eid al-Fitr
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM HAJJ
The Fifth Pillar is hajj, which is a pilgrimage
to the city of Mecca every 12 months in the
Islamic calendar, millions of Muslims gather at
Mecca
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM HAJJ
Part of the five days of rituals is circling the
Kaaba seven times while conducting prayers and
dressed in simple white clothing
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM HAJJ
The purpose of the hajj is to promote fellowship
and equality as Muslims from many countries
around the world meet in Mecca
They honor Abraham (who they believe built the
Kaaba) and Muhammad and partake in four days of
feasts
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FIVE PILLARS OF ISLAM HAJJ
All adult Muslims who are able to are expected to
make the hajj once in their lifetime
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JIHAD
Jihad means to struggle
Early Muslims considered battles to defend their
territory and expand their empire to be a form of
jihad
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JIHAD
Muhammad declared that fighting with enemies was
lesser jihad, while the battle to control
oneself was the greater jihad
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JIHAD
Unfortunately, many extremist Muslims today see
jihad as a battle against any non-Muslims
(non-believers) and use violence to achieve
their goals
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SHARIA LAW
Islamic law is sharia, or path to be followed
The Quran gives Muslims their duties to God,
while caliphs served as judges in disputes
Sharia law grew as the Muslims empire expanded,
providing a guide for Muslim life
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SHARIA LAW
Sharia law encourages some behaviors, while
forbidding others, such as eating pork, drinking
alcohol, or gambling
Sharia also commands women to not show their
beauty, so many Muslim women cover themselves to
one degree or another
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Islams Crescent Moon and Star symbol
there are several theories
about what it means
One is that the points of the Moon cover the ends
of the Earth and the five points of the Star
represent the Five Pillars of Islam
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Closure Activity Review Quiz
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Closure Activity Review Quiz
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Closure Activity Review Quiz
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Originally created by Christopher Jaskowiak