Performance Based Navigation: Navigation Specifications

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Performance Based NavigationNavigation
Specifications

• John McGraw
• Manager, Flight Technologies and Procedures
  Division
• Flight Standards Service
• U.S. Federal Aviation Administration

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RNAV and RNP Navigation Specifications

• Navigation Specifications address aircraft and
  operational issues
• Grouped into two volumes
• RNAV Navigation Specifications
• Do not require performance monitoring and
  alerting
• RNP Navigation Specifications

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PBN Scope

• Incorporate existing operations as practical
• RNP-10 classified as RNAV
• RNP-4 adds performance monitoring requirement
• B-RNAV renamed as RNAV-5
• Basic GNSS approaches renamed RNP APCH
• Additional guidance on barometric VNAV
• Harmonize European and US RNAV
• RNAV-1 and RNAV-2
• Terminal arrival/departure for non-radar
• Basic RNP-1
• Advanced instrument approaches
• RNP AR APCH

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Overview by Flight Phase

• PBN Manual includes airworthiness, operational
  and training guidance

NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION FLIGHT PHASE FLIGHT PHASE FLIGHT PHASE FLIGHT PHASE FLIGHT PHASE FLIGHT PHASE FLIGHT PHASE FLIGHT PHASE
NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION En Route Oceanic / Remote En Route Continental ARR APPROACH APPROACH APPROACH APPROACH DEP
NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION En Route Oceanic / Remote En Route Continental ARR Initial Intermed Final Missed DEP
RNAV 10 (RNP 10) 10              
RNAV 5   5 5          
RNAV 2   2 2         2
RNAV 1   1 1 1 1   1b 1
Basic-RNP 1     1a,c 1a 1a   1a,b 1a,c
RNP APCH       1 1 0.3 1  
RNP AR APCH       1 - 0.1 1 - 0.1 0.3 - 0.1 1 - 0.1  
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DME/DME RNAVJapan
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P-RNAV Night RNAV routes into Schiphol
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RNP (AR) APCH Palm Springs, California
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Approval Guidelines

• Aircraft Eligibility
• Can be based on Aircraft Flight Manual or
  supplemental information
• Operational Approval
• Operating procedures
• Flight crew training
• Control of navigation database process, where
  required
• Approval obtained in accordance with State
  operating rules

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Aircraft Requirements

• Performance Requirements
• Accuracy, Integrity, Continuity, GNSS
  signal-in-space
• Performance monitoring and alerting
• Only applicable for RNP systems
• Criteria for Specific Navigation Services
• Defines allowable systems and required
  performance
• Functional requirements
• Just as important as performance
• Navigation database requirements

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Criteria for Specific Navigation Services
GNSS IRU D/D D/D/IRU D/VOR
RNP-10 ? ?
RNAV-5 ? ? ? ? ?
RNAV-1 ? ? ?
RNP-4 ?
RNP-1 ?
RNP APCH ?
RNP AR APCH ?
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Operating Proceduresand Training

• Pre-flight planning
• In-flight procedures
• Performance expectations (deviation from path)
• Pilot has critical role in performance monitoring
• Contingency procedures
• Training
• Lists training tasks considered important, which
  may already be part of operators training
  program
• System-specific information on how navigation
  system functions is vital to success

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Navigation Service Provider Responsibilities

• Navigation infrastructure
• DME geometry with respect to route
• Communication and surveillance
• Radar required or not?
• Obstacle clearance and route spacing Publication
• Controller
• Not meant to impose new requirements
• Status monitoring
• ATS System monitoring

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Conclusion

• Navigation Specification provides implementation
  guidance for PBN operations
• Focus of navigation specification is on aircraft
  and operator
• Other aspects covered in appropriate ICAO
  document (for example, PANS-OPS)
• New Navigation Specifications will be developed
  as appropriate
• For example, Advanced RNP-1

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Thank you