??d?s???ta? ??t? ?a? a?ast??a??

1
??d?s???ta? ??t? ?a? a?ast??a??µe??? ep?
??e?? t?? F?s?? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ??. ??a
p????aµµa epa??e?µat???? a??pt???? e?pa?de?t????
est?asµ??? st?? a????s? t?? ????? t???
???????a? ?a?a???t??, ??a?e?µ?d?? S??ß?,
??as???? ??t????, ??a??ts? ?ate???a
S??????? S?µß????? ??pa?de?t????
??ap????t??a ?a????t??a ?a?ep?st?µ???
??a??????
2
?e????aµµa pa???s?as??

• ??sa????
• Te???t??? ?p?ßa???
• - F?s? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ?? t? e??a?
  ep???µ?t? ?a d?d?s?eta?
• - ?pa??e?µat??? a??pt??? t?? e?pa?de?t????
  d?das?a??a t?? FF?
• - ? a?a??a??t?ta p????aµµ?t?? epa??e?µat????
  a??pt???? e?pa?de?t???? est?asµ???? st?? a????s?
  t?? ????? t???
• ?? e?e???t??? e??t?µa
• ? s?ed?asµ?? t?? ??e??a?
• - S?????? ?a? a????s? ded?µ???? - S?µµet????te?
• ?p?te??sµata
• ???s? 1 ?????e????µaste µe ??e?? t?? F?s?? t??
  F?s???? ?p?st?µ?? ?a? µe?et?µe p??a p?a?s?a e??a?
  ?at?????a ??a t? d?das?a??a t??
• ???s? 2 ??et????µe st???e?a ??e?? t?? F?s?? t??
  F?s???? ?p?st?µ?? p?? ep?????????µe ?at? t?
  d????e?a t?? µa??µat?? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ??
• ???s? 3 ?????e????µaste stad?a?? µe t??
  pa?da?????? ???s? pe??e??µ???? ??a ?a d?d?s???µe
  t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µe? ?? d?e?e???s? ?a? ?a
  ???s?µ?p????µe ?at?????e? st?at?????? ????? p??
  e?s????? ??t? ??e?? t?? F?s?? t?? F?s????
  ?p?st?µ??
• ???s? 4 ?e?t?????µe t?? st?at?????? ????? µa?
  p?? af????? t?? pa?da?????? ???s? pe??e??µ????
  t?? d?das?a??a? t?? F?s?? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ??,
  e?et????µe t?? a?ad??µe?e? ep???µ?t??
  ep????????a??? p?a?t???? ?a? ep?d?????µe t?
  stad?a?? µ??te??p???s? t???
• S???t?s?

3
??sa???? (1/2)
? f?s? t?? ep?st?µ?? - FF? (Nature of Science -
NOS) ??e? ?ataste? ?e?t????? st???? t??
e?pa?de?s?? st?? F?s???? ?p?st?µe? se p?????
???e?.
? d?das?a??a t?? FF? ?a? ? ep?µ??f?s? t??
e?pa?de?t???? ??a a?t? ?e??e?ta? st?? µ??e? µa?
ap? e?e???t?? t?? ??da?t???? t?? F?s????
?p?st?µ?? µ?a a?a??a??t?ta.
?a ??a e??????? ??????µµata Sp??d??
pe???aµß????? ??a p??t? f??? ?? ßas??? st??e?s?
t??? t?? e????e??s? t?? µa??t?? µe ??e?? t?? FF?
? ?a??????e?a st???e??? ap? t? F?s? t??
F?s???? ?p?st?µ?? (??a ?S, 2011)
4
??sa???? (2/2)

• ? e?sa???? t?? FF? ?? ßas???? st???e??? t??
  ep?st?µ?????? e???aµµat?sµ?? t?? ??????? µa??t??
  d?µ?????e? ??e? apa?t?se?? ??a t??? ?????e?
  e?pa?de?t????? ??a µ?a ?????a e?te??? ??a st?
  d?da?t??? t??? ?p??st?s??.
• S??ep??, e??a? a?a??a??? ? s?ed?asµ??
  p????aµµ?t?? ep?µ??f?s?? t?? e? e?e??e?a
  e?pa?de?t???? ??a t? ??µa a?t?.
• ?a? µ???sta ep?µ??f?s?? ? ?p??a ?a s??d???e? t?
  ?e???a µe t?? p???? ?a? ?a ??e? s?µµet?????,
  s??e??at???, e?e???t??? ?a? a?ast??ast???
  ?a?a?t??a, ?p?? ep?t?ss??? ?? s??????e? ?e???se??
  ??a t?? epa??e?µat??? a??pt??? t?? e?pa?de?t????.
  
• ? p??tas? µa? e??a? µ?a p??sp??e?a p??? a?t? t??
  ?ate????s?.

5
Te???t??? ?p?ßa??? (1/6) ???e? ??e?? t?? FF?
e??a? s?µa?t???? - ?p?st?µ??e? e?e???t??
s?µf????? ep? t?? ??e?? t?? FF? p?? e??a?
ep???µ?t? ?a p???????ta?

• ?p?????? d?? ßas??? s?µe?a d?af???a?, t? ??a
  e??a? s?et??? µe t? FF? ?a? t? ???? e??a? p??
  a?t? d?d?s?eta? .
• 
  (Grandy Duschl 2007, p. 155)
• ??a ped?? d?af???a? st?? e?pa?de?s? t?? F.?.,
  st?? µ??e? µa?, af??? t? p?? a?apt?sseta? p??
  ap?te?esµat??? ? ?ata???s? t?? µa??t?? ??a t?
  FF?.
• 
  (Abd-El-Khalick ,2005)
• ?eta?? t?? st???e??? p?? ?p???e? s?µf???a e??a? ?
  a?a??a??t?ta d?d?s???te? ?a? µa??t?? ?a ?????
  ??a? ???sµ??? ßa?µ? -a?????a µe t?? ?????a-
  ?ata???s?? t?? f?s?? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ?? ?a?
  ep?s?? e?t?µ?s? t?? s??e?sf???? t?? ?st???a? ?a?
  t?? F???s?f?a? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ??.
• (Matthews
  1998, Duschl 2004, McComas, 2005)

6
Te???t??? ?p?ßa??? (2/6) ??e?? t?? ffe p?? e??a?
ep???µ?t? ?a p???????ta?

• S?µf??a µe t?? Lederman (2007), µeta?? t??
  ?a?a?t???st???? t?? F? p?? ?p???e? s?µf???a e??a?
  ?t? ? ep?st?µ? e??a?
• d??aµ???,
• ßas??eta? se eµpe????? st???e??,
• e??a? ?p??e?µe????/ßas??eta? se ?e???t???
  p?ste??,
• eµpe????e? t?? d?ad??as?e? t?? s?µpe?asµ??, t??
  fa?tas?a? ?a? t?? d?µ????????t?ta? ?a?
• e??a? ????????? ?a? p???t?sµ??? p?a?s???et?µ???.
  
• ??? ep?p???? s?µa?t???? ??e?? t?? e??a?
• ? d?????s? pa?at???s?? ?a? s?µpe??sµat?? ?a?
• ? s??s? µeta?? t?? ep?st?µ?????? ?e????? ?a? t??
  ??µ??.

7
Te???t??? ?p?ßa???(3/6) ???a? a?a??a?a ?
ep?µ??f?s? t?? e?pa?de?t???? se ??t?µata FF?
???e? ep?????? ?p??????

• ? e?e???t??? e?????af?a ?p?de????e? ?t? e??a?
  apa?a?t?t? ? ep?µ??f?s? t?? e?pa?de?t???? ??a ?a
  d?d?s???? ap?te?esµat??? ??e?? t?? FF?.
• ??? ßas???? ?ate????se?? e??a? ?? ?p????te?
  (implicit attempts) ?a? ?? ??t?? (explicit
  attempts) ep?µ??f?t???? d??se??
• ?p????te? p??sp??e?e? (implicit attempts), p??
  ????et??? t?? ep?µ??f?t???? st?at?????? t??
  a??pt???? ep?st?µ?????? de???t?t?? ? t??
  e?as????s?? ?a? eµp????? µe d?e?e???t????
  ep?st?µ?????? d?ast????t?te? µe st??? ?a
  ße?t??s??? t?? ap??e?? t?? ep?µ??f??µe??? ? t??
  µa??????t?? ??a t? ffe
• ??t?? p??sp??e?e? (explicit attempts) ??a t??
  ep?te??? t?? ?d??? st????, p?? est?????? , ?µ?? ,
  st?? ?µes? d?das?a??a ??e?? t?? ffe ?a?/?
  ????et??? p??se???se?? p?? a???p????? st???e?a
  ap? t?? ?FF?.
• ? a?as??p?s? t?? e?e???? de???e? ?t? ?? ??t??
  p??sp??e?e? ????? ap?de??te? p?? ap?te?esµat????.

8
Te???t??? ?p?ßa???(4/6) Science teachers
professional development for teaching NOS
?p?p????, ? ??e??a ??a t?? epa??e?µat??? a??pt???
t?? e?pa?de?t???? ?? p??? t? FF? ??e? de??e? ?t?
e??a? s?µa?t??? ?? e?pa?de?t???? ?a
?p?st??????ta? st?? ße?t??s? t?? p?a?t???? st??
t??e?? t???, ?a s?ed?????? se s??e??as?a
µa??µata, ?a µ???????ta? ?d?e? ?a d?????
a?at??f?d?t?s? ? ??a? st?? ????. ? pa???sa
e??as?a af??? µ?a a?apt???a?? ??e??a d??s??
(developmental work research) st?? ?p??a
s?µµete??a? d?? e? e?e??e?a e?pa?de?t???? st????
t?? ?p??a? ?ta? ? ße?t??s? t?? ?ata???s?? t???
??a ??e?? t?? FF? ?a? t?? ??a??t?t?? t??? ?a
d?d?s???? ??a a?t?? t?? ??e?? ??? ?a? p??
ap?te?esµat??? t??? µa??t?? t???.
9
(5/6)
10
Te???t??? ?p?ßa???(6/6) ? p??tas? µa? ? a????s?
t? ????? t?? e?pa?de?t???? ?? ep?µ??f?t???,
a?ast??ast??? ?a? µetad?da?t??? e??a?e?? se s??s?
µe t?? p?????s? ??e?? t?? ffe
? p??tas? µa? af??? t? ???s? ?a? a???p???s? t??
a????s?? ?????, ?? ep?µ??f?t???? st?at??????
??t?? f?s??. ?st???eta? st? ?a ?????µe p????
t?? p??sa?at???sµ??? st?? a????s? ????? pa?ad???
?t? ? ???t???? a?ast??asµ?? t?? t??p?? µe t???
?p????? d?aµ??f????µe ???µata µp??e? ?a µa? d?se?
t? d??at?t?ta ?a e?et?s??µe ?a? ?a a?a??t?s??µe
p??a???? e?a??a?t????? t??p??? ep????????a???
d??se??, p?? ?a d?µ???????? p?? ep???µ?t? ???µata
??a t? f?s? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ??, ?at? t?
d????e?a t?? µa??µat?? t?? F? (???????a?, 2006).
G? a?t? ?? e???te?? p?a?s?? epa??e?µat????
a??pt???? t?? e?pa?de?t???? p??te????µe t??
a?apt???a?? ??e??a d??s?? ?a? ?p?st??????µe ?t?
a???p????ta? t?? a????s? ????? µp????µe ?a
eµp?????µe e?e??? t??? e?pa?de?t????? st??
a????s? t?? d???? t??? p?a?t???? ?????.
11
??e???t??? e??t?µa
??a a?apt???a?? ??e??a d??s?? p?? eµp???e? t???
e?pa?de?t????? st?? a????s? t?? ????? t??? ?a?
t?? p?a?t???? t??? se s??s? µe t?? pa?da??????
???s? pe??e??µ???? t?? FF? µp??e? ?a ?d???se? st?
µetas??µat?sµ? a?t?? t?? p?a?t????

• ?p?e??t?µata
• ?e?t?????a? ?? e?pa?de?t???? ?? p??? t??
  ?ata???s? ?a? t?? a???p???s? ??e?? t?? FF?
• 2. ?e?t?????e ? pa?da?????? ???s? t??
  e?pa?de?t???? ?? p??? t? FF?

12
S?ed?asµ?? ??e??a?(1/4)
???s? 1 ?????e????µaste µe ??e?? t?? F?s?? t??
F?s???? ?p?st?µ?? ?a? µe?et?µe p??a p?a?s?a e??a?
?at?????a ??a t? d?das?a??a t??
???s? 2 ??et????µe st???e?a ??e?? t?? F?s?? t??
F?s???? ?p?st?µ?? p?? ep?????????µe ?at? t?
d????e?a t?? µa??µat?? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ??
???s? 3 ?????e????µaste stad?a?? µe t??
pa?da?????? ???s? pe??e??µ???? ??a ?a d?d?s???µe
t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µe? ?? d?e?e???s? ?a? ?a
???s?µ?p????µe ?at?????e? st?at?????? ????? p??
e?s????? ??t? ??e?? t?? F?s?? t?? F?s????
?p?st?µ??
???s? 4 ?e?t?????µe t?? st?at?????? ????? µa?
p?? af????? t?? pa?da?????? ???s? pe??e??µ????
t?? d?das?a??a? t?? F?s?? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ??,
e?et????µe t?? a?ad??µe?e? ep???µ?t??
ep????????a??? p?a?t???? ?a? ep?d?????µe t?
stad?a?? µ??te??p???s? t???
13
S?ed?asµ?? ??e??a?(2/4)
?????d????aµµa e?e???t???? p?????µµat?? ?????d????aµµa e?e???t???? p?????µµat?? ?????d????aµµa e?e???t???? p?????µµat?? ?????d????aµµa e?e???t???? p?????µµat?? ?????d????aµµa e?e???t???? p?????µµat?? ?????d????aµµa e?e???t???? p?????µµat?? ?????d????aµµa e?e???t???? p?????µµat?? ?????d????aµµa e?e???t???? p?????µµat?? ?????d????aµµa e?e???t???? p?????µµat?? ?????d????aµµa e?e???t???? p?????µµat?? ?????d????aµµa e?e???t???? p?????µµat??
S?????? ?t?? 2012-13 S?????? ?t?? 2012-13 S?????? ?t?? 2012-13 S?????? ?t?? 2012-13 S?????? ?t?? 2012-13 S?????? ?t?? 2012-13 S?????? ?t?? 2012-13 S?????? ?t?? 2012-13 S?????? ?t?? 2012-13 S?????? ?t?? 2012-13
Sept?µß???? ??t?ß???? ???µß???? ?e??µß???? ?a???????? Feß???????? ???t??? ?p?????? ????? ???????
???s? 1 VNOS B Pre-test VNOS B Post-test
???s? 2
???s? 3
???s? 4
14
S?ed?asµ?? ??e??a?(3/4)S?????? ?a? a????s?
ded?µ????
??? f???? t? µ??a ?? e?e???t?? ep?s??pt??ta? t??
t??e?? t?? e?pa?de?t???? e?e???t?? ?a ?a
s???????? ded?µ??a (s??d?a µa??µ?t??, pa?at???s?
µa??µ?t??, µa???t?s??p?µ??a st??µ??t?pa,
s??e?te??e?? µe t?? ????????s? t?? µa??µat??,
?µe??????? e?pa?de?t????) ???s?µ?p???saµe µ?a
p???t??? p??s????s? st?? a????s? t??
ded?µ????. ??e???t?? ?a? e?pa?de?t???? e?e???t??
s??a?t??µasta? µ?a f??? t?? eßd?µ?da st?? e??????
t?? 4 d??se?? µe st??? t?? µe??t? t?? ded?µ????
est?????ta? ?d?a?te?a st?? a????s? ????? t??
e?pa?de?t???? se s??s? µe ??e?? t?? FF?. ??e? ??
s??a?t?se?? µa???t?s??p???ta? µe st??? te???? ?a
a???????s??µe t?? ep?d?as? t?? p?????µµat?? st??
d?da?t???? p?a?t???? t?? e?pa?de?t????-e?e???t??.
?p?s??, pre- and post- e??t?µat?????? µe t?t??
?p??e?? ??a t? F?s? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ?? VNOS
(B) d????e ?a? a?a?????e.
15
S?ed?asµ?? ??e??a?(4/4)S?????? ?a? a????s?
ded?µ????
? ????a a????s? est??st??e st?? p?a?t???? ??????
p?? af????sa? t?? ?a?da?????? G??s? ?e??e??µ????
t?? FF?. ?at? t? d????e?a t?? eßd?µad?a???
s??a?t?se?? ?? e?pa?de?t???? e?e???t?? stad?a??
e????e?????a? µe t?? a????s? ?a?a?t???st????
das?a??µa??t???? st???µ????? s?et???? µe t? FF?
?a? t?? pa?da?????? ???s? t?? FF?
???s?µ?p????ta? ??a? d?sµ??? ?d??? (?a?a?t?µata
1, 2, 3) ?a??d????µe??? ap? t??? e?e???t??, ??
e?pa?de?t????-e?e???t?? a????sa? µa???t?s??p?µ??a
st??µ??t?pa ?a? st???µ???e?. St?? e?????? t??
p?????µµat??, ?? e?pa?de?t???? e?e???t??
a????sa? t?? d???? t??? das?a??µa??t????
st???µ???e?
16
?p?te??sµata (1/14) ???s? 1 ?????e????µaste µe
??e?? t?? F?s?? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ?? ?a?
µe?et?µe p??a p?a?s?a e??a? ?at?????a ??a t?
d?das?a??a t??
St? ?e????µa t?? ??e??a? ?? e?pa?de?t???? de?
?ta? e????e??µ??oi µe t?? ?a?da?????? G??s?
pe??e??µ???? t?? FF?. ?e???d???, ?at? t?
d????e?a t?? s??a?t?se?? pa???s?????ta? ?a?
a?a????ta? pa?ade??µata a???p???s?? t?? FF? se
s???e???µ??? ???st??? pe??e??µe?? ?a? ?st?????
?e????ta. St? p?a?s?? a?t?? t?? d??s??
d?µ??????saµe t? p??f?? t?? e?pa?de?t???? se
s??s? µe t? FF? ???s?µ?p????ta? t? e??t?µat??????
VNOS .
17
?p?te??sµata???s? 1 (2/14)
???a?a? 2 ? µetas??µat?sµ?? t?? ap??e?? t?? e?pa?de?t???? - e?e???t? 1 ???a?a? 2 ? µetas??µat?sµ?? t?? ap??e?? t?? e?pa?de?t???? - e?e???t? 1 ???a?a? 2 ? µetas??µat?sµ?? t?? ap??e?? t?? e?pa?de?t???? - e?e???t? 1
??e?? FF? ???? p?????µµat?? ????? p?????µµat??
?µpe????? ß?s? F? ?? ep?st?µ??e? a????????? ep?st?µ?????? d?ad??as?e? ?a? µ???d? ??a ?a pa?a??e? ep?st?µ????? ???s?. (e??t?s? 2) ?? ep?st?µ??e? ??a ?a ap?de????? t??? ?s????sµ??? t??? ßas????ta? se ded?µ??a a????????ta? µ?a se??? ap? ep?st?µ?????? d?ad??as?e?. (e??t?s?2)
?a?at???s? ?a? s?µpe??sµata ?? ep?st?µ??e? e??a? ap???t?? s??????? ??a t? d?µ? t?? at?µ?? d??t? ? ep?st?µ? ??e? p??????se? t?s? p??? p?? e??a? d?s???? ?a a?a?a?????? ??t? ????. (e??t?s? 2) ?e? p?ste?? ?t? e?µaste e?te??? s??????? ??a t? d?µ? t?? at?µ??. ?? pa?at???se?? t?? ep?st?µ???? e?a?t??ta? ap? t? ?e???a p?? ????et??? (e??t?s? 2)
??µ????????t?ta ?a? fa?tas?a ??µ????????t?ta ?a? fa?tas?a e??a? p??? s?µa?t??? ??a t?? p?a?µat?p???s? t?? pe??aµ?t??. ??ste?? ?t? a? de? ?p???e d?µ????????t?ta ?a? fa?tas?a p???? pe???µata de? ?a e??a? p?a?µat?p????e?. (e??t?s? 5) ??µ????????t?ta ?a? fa?tas?a µp????? ?a ???s?µ?p????? ap? t??? ep?st?µ??e? se ??a ta st?d?a t?? ep?st?µ?????? d?e?e???s??. (e??t?s? 5)
18
?p?te??sµata (3/14)???s? 2 ??et????µe st???e?a
??e?? t?? F?s?? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ?? p??
ep?????????µe ?at? t? d????e?a t?? µa??µat??
t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ??
? a????s? t?? das?a??µa??t???? d?a????? µe t??
e?e??? a??µe??? t?? e?pa?de?t????-e?e???t??
?de??e ?t? a????? a???p????sa? ???a st???e?a
??e?? t?? FF?. ?a??t? ?? e?pa?de?t???? e??a? ap?
t? ?e????µa t?? ??e??a? a??et? ?a??
p????f???µ??e? ap??e?? ??a t? FF? de? t??
a?ade????a?, a? ?a? t??? d????ta? µ?sa ap? t??
s???t?se?? µe t??? µa??t?? t??? p????? e??a???e?
?a t? ??????. St??? ?????? de? ?p???a? ?a????? ?
p??? ???a st???e?a ??t?? d?das?a??a? t?? FF?
19
?p?te??sµata???s? 2 (4/14)
St???µ???a 1 ???s? 2 t?? p?????µµat?? (7-11-2012) St???µ???a 1 ???s? 2 t?? p?????µµat?? (7-11-2012) St???µ???a 1 ???s? 2 t?? p?????µµat?? (7-11-2012)
1 ??s?a??? ??a, d??, t?e??, t?sse??? ?µ?de? p?? ??ete te?e??se?, de? µ???te ?a?????. ??a? e?p??s?p? ?? ap? ed?. ??????? e?paµe ? e?p??s?p??. ???p?? a? ?e????s??µe (??e? t? ???µa e??? pa?d???). ???? a???µe t? ??e? ???e ?µ?da.
2 ?a??t?? (?? e?p??s?p?? ?µ?da?) Ta d?s??µe st? e?at???? t? sp???? ap? t? µ?a ???? t?? (pa??????a de???e? µe ta ????? t? ?a ??????) ?a ß??? t?? s??det??a ap? t?? ????. St?? ???? ???? t?? sp????? ?a ß????µe t? s??det??a ap? t?? ???? p?e??? ?a? µet? ?a p??s??s??µe t? s??det??a st? s?µa p?? ?????µe ?a µet??s??µe.
4 ?a??t?? 1 (s?µp???????ta?-ß?????ta? t?? e?p??s?p? t?? ?µ?da? t??) Ta ???t??? t? µ???? t?? e?at?????.
5 ??s?a??? Ta ß??e? ???p?? ta a?t??e?µe?a p?? ???? st? St?? ???? t??
6 ?a??t?? 1 Se t?? s??det??a.
7 ??s?a??? O?a?a! ??e?. O?a?a! ??? ?a µet??se?? t? µ???? t?? e?at????? p?? ?e?
8 ?a??t?? (?µ??e? ? e?p??s?p?? t?? ?µ?da?) ??s?p?s? pe??ss?te??, ?ta? te?t??eta? t? e?at???? ?a t? µet??s??µe µe t?? ???a?a.
9 ??s?a??? ?a? se p??a pe??pt?s? e??a? p?? ßa?? ??a s?µa ?ta? te?t??eta? t? e?at???? pe??ss?te?? ? ????te??
10 ?a??t?? 1 ?e??ss?te??. (d?s?a??? ?a? µa??t?? µ????? se ?? e???? p??s?p?)
11 ??s?a??? ???p?? p?µe ? a???s??µe µ?a te?e??? d?af??et??? ?p??? ap? a?t? t?? ?µ?da. ????? ?a d?aß?se? ta ß?µata p?? s?ed??sate ?a ???ete ??a ?a ??sete t? p??ß??µa
12 ?a??t??a (?? e?p??s?p?? t?? ?µ?da?) Ta ft?????µe µ?a ???a???. Ta pe??
13 ??s?a??? ?????, p?? d??at? ??????.
14 ?a??t?? (µ???e? p?? d??at?) Ta pe??s??µe t? µ?a ???e?? t?? sp????? st? ???a?a. ?pe?ta, ?a ß????µe t?? p?aste???? st? ??a ???? t?? ???a?a ?a? t?? µpata??a st? ???? ????. ?ste?a, ?a s???s??µe t? sp???? ?a? ?a d??µe p?? e??a? p?? ßa??. (? µa??t?? ta d?aß??e? ap? t? f???? e??as?a?, ?p?? ta e??e s?µp????se? ? ?µ?da, ??af??eta? se ?? p?????t??? p??s?p?.)
15 ??s?a??? ?a t? d??µe ???? a?t? ?a t? ?????µe ???a? µ?a d?af??et??? ?d?a. ?ee S????e?te t??a pa?d?? ap? t?? ?µ?da ????a. ?a d??µe ?a? ?at? p?s? efa?µ??eta? ? ?d?a µa? ?ts? (ta pa?d?? s??????ta? ? d?s?a??? ape????eta? st?? ?µ?da)
16 ?a??t?? (ap? ???? ?µ?da) ??t? ?a ?????µe ?? eµe?? ????e.
17 ??s?a??? ?se?? e??ate pe? µ?a ???? ?d?a t?? ?p??a ?ata????ate. ??e??? ?a d??µe ap? sa?
20
?p?te??sµata (5/14)???s? 2 ??et????µe st???e?a
??e?? t?? F?s?? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ?? p??
ep?????????µe ?at? t? d????e?a t?? µa??µat??
t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ??
?? d?? e?pa?de?t???? e?e???t?? ?ta? ??a??tat??
st?? p?????s? µa??µ?t?? d?e?e???s??. ?p?p????,
??a? ap? t??? d?? p??????se -??? p??t??
s??e?d?t?- ep???µ?t? ?a?a?t???st??? t??
d?e?e???s?? ?a? ??e?? t?? FF?. ?µ??, ? p?????s?
t?? pa?ap??? de? ????ta? s??e?d?t? ?a? µe ??a
?e???a?? a?ast??ast??? t??p?. ?e? µp????sa ?a
fa?tast? ?t? ?p?????? t?se? e??a???e? ?a d?d???
a??µ? p?? ap?te?esµat??? t?? d?e?e???s? ?a? t?
FF?. ??? d?s????a ?a ???? a?t? t? d?ad??as?a
??t? ?a? ep?s?? ?a e?s??? ??e?? t?? FF? µ?s? e???
s???e???µ???? ???st???? a?t??e?µ????. ??e????µa?
t?? ?p?st????? sa? (?e??µß???? 2012)
21
?p?te??sµata (6/14) ???s? 3 ?????e????µaste
stad?a?? µe t?? pa?da?????? ???s? pe??e??µ????
??a ?a d?d?s???µe t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µe? ??
d?e?e???s? ?a? ?a ???s?µ?p????µe ?at?????e?
st?at?????? ????? p?? e?s????? ??t? ??e?? t??
F?s?? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ??
St? d????e?a t?? f?s?? a?t?? e??aµe p?? s????
epe?s?d?a sta ?p??a ?? e?pa?de?t???? s??e?d?t?
a?af????ta? ?a? s???t??sa? µe t??? µa??t?? t???
??a t? FF?. ?µ??, p????? ap? t?? a?af???? t???
st? FF? e??a? ??a ap?p?a?s??µ??? ?a?a?t??a. G?a
pa??de??µa ?? ep?st?µ??e? ???s?µ?p????? µ?a
p??????a µe??d??, ????? a?t?? ?a s??d???ta? µe
s???e???µ??e? d?da?t????-µa??s?a???
d?ast????t?te?. ?p?s??, p????? f???? ??a?a? t??
e??a???e? ?a d?d????? ap?te?esµat??? t? FF?. ??
s??????? e?t?µ?s? t?? e????a? e?pa?de?t????-e?e???
t?? t?? st???e??? p?? af????? t?? G??s?
?a?da??????? ?e??e??µ???? t?? FF? st? ß?s? ??????
a????s?? t?? ????? t??? st? p?a?s?? ???? t??
d??se?? ??e? p??? e?d?af????.
22
?p?te??sµata (7/14) ???s? 3 ?????e????µaste
stad?a?? µe t?? pa?da?????? ???s? pe??e??µ????
??a ?a d?d?s???µe t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µe? ??
d?e?e???s? ?a? ?a ???s?µ?p????µe ?at?????e?
st?at?????? ????? p?? e?s????? ??t? ??e?? t??
F?s?? t?? F?s???? NOS aspects
???????e? ??a ap?spasµa p?? af??? t? d?das?a??a
t?? d?ast???? ?a? t?? s?st????. Se a?t? t?
epe?s?d?? ?? µa??t?? µe t?? ?a??d???s? t??
das????? d?e?e????? t? ??µa t?? d?ast???? t??
ae???? ???s?µ?p????ta? µ?a ?e????, ?est? ?a? ????
?e??, ??a µp?????? ?a? ??a µpa????.
23
?p?te??sµata ???s? 3 (8/14)
Extract 2 Action 3 of the program (23-1-2012) Extract 2 Action 3 of the program (23-1-2012)
1 (??s?a???) ?a?????µe t? µp?????? µe t? f??s??µ??? µpa???? ?a? ta ß????µe st? ?e???? µe t? ???? ?e??. ?? af????µe ?a? ???? ?a pa?at???s??µe t? ?a ???e? t??a.
2 (?a??t??s) (?? µa??t?? st?? ?µ?de? t??? pa?at????? t? µp?????? µe t? µpa????)
3 (??s?a???) ?? af????µe µ?sa st? ???? ?e?? ?a? pe??µ????µe
4 (µa??t?? 1, µ???? ?µ?da? (?? µa??t?? st?? ?µ?de? t??? pa?at????? t? µp?????? µe t? µpa????) Look! (?a??? t? µpa???? µet? ap? ??a ?ept? a????e? eµfa??? ?a s????????eta?)
5 (??s?a??? ?a?at????µe µe p??s??? t? ???eta?.
6 (µa??t?? ????? ?µ?da?) ????e, t? µpa???? ?ef??s??se.
7 (µa??t?? ????? ?µ?da?) ?? ?d?? ?a? t? d??? µa
8 (µa??t?? d?af???? ?µ?d??) ep?ßeßa?????? ?t? t? µpa???? ?ef??s??se
9 ??s?a??? ?f?ste ta µp??????a ?a? p??s??te ed?. T??? ?a ??????µe t? pa?at???saµe ?ta? ß??aµe t? µp?????? st? ?est? ?e?? ?a? µet? st? ???? ?e??.
10 ?a??t?? (?? µa??t?? s???t??? st?? ?µ?de? t???)
11 ??s?a??? ??st??a t? pa?at???sate ?ta? ß??ate t? µp?????? st? ???? ?e??.
12 ??st??a? ?a?at???saµe ?t? ? ?e?µ???as?a t?? µp???a???? µe???eta? ?a? ?ts? ta µ???a t?? a??a p?? e??a? st? µpa????
13 ??s?a??? (d?a??pte? t?? ??st??a) t? pa?at???sate s?et??? µe t? µpa????
14 ??st??a? ?? µpa???? ?ef??s??se.
15 ??s?a??? S?µf??e?te
16 ?a??t?? S?µf????µe.
24
?p?te??sµata (9/14)???s? 4 ?e?t?????µe t??
st?at?????? ????? µa? p?? af????? t?? pa?da??????
???s? pe??e??µ???? t?? d?das?a??a? t?? F?s?? t??
F?s???? ?p?st?µ??, e?et????µe t?? a?ad??µe?e?
ep???µ?t?? ep????????a??? p?a?t???? ?a?
ep?d?????µe t? stad?a?? µ??te??p???s? t???
?a? st? p?a?s?? a?t?? t?? d??s?? s??e??st??e ?
p??sa?at???sµ??? st?? a????s? t?? ????? t??
e?pa?de?t???? p??s????s?. ?at? t? d????e?a t??,
?? e?pa?de?t???? e?e???t?? ??? ?a? pe??ss?te??
??t? ?a? a?ast??ast??? ep?????????sa? st???
µa??t?? t??? ep???µ?t?? ap??e?? ??a ??e?? t?? FF?.
25
?p?te??sµata ???s? 4 (10/14)
St???µ???a 3 ???s? 4 t?? p?????µµat?? (10-4-2013) St???µ???a 3 ???s? 4 t?? p?????µµat?? (10-4-2013)
??s?a??? ???spa???µe µ???? µa? t??a ?a e?µ??e?s??µe t? fa???µe?? t?? e??tµ?s???t? pa?at????µe st?? f?s???? ep?st?µe? t? ??µe fa???µe??. ?p? ta a??a?a ?????a.ta pa?at????sa? ta fa???µe?a ?a? p?? ta e?????sa? ?a?at????sa? ??a pa??de??µa ??a? ?e?a???t? ??e?a? p??? pa???
?a??t?? ??e?a? µe µ?????.
??s?a??? G?a t?? ?e?a??? t? ??e?a?
?a??t?? ?t? t?? ????e? ? ??a?.
??s?a??? S?st?. ?et? ß?ßa?a st?? ?fes?, st? ????t? ??p ????sa? ?a eµfa?????ta? ??p??? ?????p?? p?? ??e?a? de? µp??e? a?t? ?a e??????ta? ?ts??a ?p???e? ??p??a ???? e????s?. ?a? ?????? ????sa? µe t?? ast????µ?a????sa? ?a pa?at????? ta ?st?a, t??? p?a??te? ?a? ????sa? ?a d????? d??f??e? e????se??. ?a pa?at????? ta fa???µe?a ?a? ???e p??pe? ?a ß???µe t?? e????s?. ?? ???ßeta? ap? p?s? ??t? sa? ?ßa?a ?a ???ete t??a. ?a de?te ??t? ?a? ?a t? e?µ??e?sete. G?a ?a d??µe t? e?µ??e?a ????ate
?a??t??
??s?a??? ?. ?t? t? ?e?? e?atµ??eta?.
?a??t?? ?. Ste????e?.
??s?a??? ?. ?se?? (d??e? st? ???? se ???? ?µ?da)
?a??t?? (????? ?µ?da) ?? ?e?? e?atµ??eta?, d??ad? ???eta? atµ??.
26
?p?te??sµata (11/14)???s? 4 ?e?t?????µe t??
st?at?????? ????? µa? p?? af????? t?? pa?da??????
???s? pe??e??µ???? t?? d?das?a??a? t?? F?s?? t??
F?s???? ?p?st?µ??, e?et????µe t?? a?ad??µe?e?
ep???µ?t?? ep????????a??? p?a?t???? ?a?
ep?d?????µe t? stad?a?? µ??te??p???s? t???
St? d??s? a?t?, e?t?p?saµe a?t?p??s?pe?t???
pa?ade??µata ep???µ?t?? ep????????a???
?epe?t????? se s??s? µe t? FF?, µe st??? a?t? ?a
p???????ta? stad?a?? ??? ?a? p?? s??e?d?t? ap?
t??? e?pa?de?t?????.
- ? e?pa?de?t???? a???p???se t?? p???p?????se?
ap??e?? t?? µa??t?? ??a t? FF? a??? ?a? a?t?? p??
a?apt?????a?.
. ? µa??t?? a?a??????e? t? ?at???a?a? ?? pa?at???s? e??? pe???µat?? st?? ?µ?da t??.
. ??s?a??? Sa? ??t????e ?a ????ete t? pa?at???sate se a?t? t? pe??aµa. ???a? a?t? p?? ????ate ?t? pa?at???sate ?p?t?p??e? a?t? p??tas? a?t? p?? pa?at???sate... G?at? ...
. S???t?s? st?? ???µ??e?a t?? t????
. ??s?a??? ??? ? p??tas? p?? ????ate e??a? ??t? ????, t? µp??e? ?a e??a? se s??s? µe t? pe??aµa
27
?p?te??sµata (12/14)???s? 4 ?e?t?????µe t??
st?at?????? ????? µa? p?? af????? t?? pa?da??????
???s? pe??e??µ???? t?? d?das?a??a? t?? F?s?? t??
F?s???? ?p?st?µ??, e?et????µe t?? a?ad??µe?e?
ep???µ?t?? ep????????a??? p?a?t???? ?a?
ep?d?????µe t? stad?a?? µ??te??p???s? t???
- ? e?pa?de?t???? p????e? ??t? ta ?a?a?t???st???
t?? d?e?e???s??
. ??s?a??? Ft???te ??a ap?? ??e?t???? ?????µa (?p?? fa??eta? st?? e????a) st?? ?µ?da sa? ?a? d???µ?ste ta ????? p?? ??ete st? d???es? sa?. ??p??et?ste ta st? s?st? st??? t?? p??a?a.
. ???????e? µ?a d?ad??as?a d?e?e???s?? ?a? st? s????e?a s???t?s? st?? ???µ??e?a t?? t????
. ??s?a??? St? d?ast????t?ta a?t? e??ast??aµe ?p?? ?? ep?st?µ??e?. Se p??e? ep?st?µ?????? de???t?te? eµp?a???aµe. ?????µe s???e???µ??a pa?ade??µata.
28
?p?te??sµata (13/14)???s? 4 ?e?t?????µe t??
st?at?????? ????? µa? p?? af????? t?? pa?da??????
???s? pe??e??µ???? t?? d?das?a??a? t?? F?s?? t??
F?s???? ?p?st?µ??, e?et????µe t?? a?ad??µe?e?
ep???µ?t?? ep????????a??? p?a?t???? ?a?
ep?d?????µe t? stad?a?? µ??te??p???s? t???
- ? e?pa?de?t???? a?ade????e? ??e?? t?? FF? ?a?
p??sf??e? e??a???e? st??? µa??t?? ?a s?eft???
?a? ?a s???t?s??? ep? a?t?? (??t? p??s????s?)
. ??s?a??? ... ?a?at???sate ??t? ?a? p??spa??sate ?a t? e?µ??e?sate. G?a ?a a???s??µe t? e?µ??e?a ????ate.
. ?a??t?? ?t? t? ?e?? e?atµ??eta?.
. ??s?a??? ?? e??a? a?t? p?? ????ate ???a? pa?at???s? ???a? e?µ??e?a
29
?p?te??sµata (14/14)???s? 4 ?e?t?????µe t??
st?at?????? ????? µa? p?? af????? t?? pa?da??????
???s? pe??e??µ???? t?? d?das?a??a? t?? F?s?? t??
F?s???? ?p?st?µ??, e?et????µe t?? a?ad??µe?e?
ep???µ?t?? ep????????a??? p?a?t???? ?a?
ep?d?????µe t? stad?a?? µ??te??p???s? t???
- ? e?pa?de?t???? e??µe???e? ??t? t??? µa??t??
t?? ??a t??? st????? p?? af????? t? FF? se ??? t?
d????e?a t?? µa??µat??. - ? e?pa?de?t???? e?s??e?
??e?? t?? FF? p?? e??a? se a?t?st????a µe t?
s???e???µ??? ???st??? pe??e??µe??
. ?a??t?? (?? µa??t?? se ?µ?de? s?µe?????? t? ?e?µ???as?a p?? µet???? se ??a p?t??? µe ?e??)
. ?et? t? d?ast????t?ta a??????e? ? s???t?s? st?? ???µ??e?a.
. ??s?a??? ??t? d?ast????t?ta µa? ?d?se t?? e??a???a ?a µ???s??µe ??a t?? pa?at???s? ?a? t? µ?t??s?, ?a e????e?????µe µe t? d?ad??as?a t?? µ?t??s??... ?? µ??aµe s?µe?a ??a t?? pa?at???s? (?a? t? f?s? t?? )
??ste?? ?t? a?t? ??sta µe ta ep???µ?t?
ep????????a?? ?epe?t???a e??a? µ?a p??s?et?
ß???e?a ??a t?? ap?te?esµat??? d?das?a??a t?? FF?
. (??????? 2012
30
S???t?s? (1/3)
?e t?? ????????s? t?? 4?? d??s?? ?? e?pa?de?t????
e?e???t?? e??a? p?? p????f???µ??e? ap??e?? ep?
??e?? t?? FF? ?a? µp????sa? ?a ???p????? p??
ap?te?esµat???? d?da?t???? p?a?t???? s?et??? µe
a?t??, ?p?? ?a ???s?µe???? p?? ep???µ?t?
ep????????a?? ?epe?t???a. ?p?p??s??t??, stad?a??
?d??a? ?µfas? s??e?d?t? ?a? a?ast??ast??? se
??e?? t?? FF?, efa?µ????ta? µe ep?t???a ep???µ?t?
ep????????a?? ?epe?t???a p?? µ??te??p???saµe
stad?a?? ?at? t? d????e?a t?? d??se??. ???? ap?
t?? ???p???s? t?? d??se?? t?? p?????µµat?? ??
e?pa?de?t???? ??????a? ?? ??a ßa?µ? ?a ??????
d?e?e???s? ?a? ?a ?a??d????? ?at?????a t???
µa??t?? t???. ?µ??, ? p??sa?at???sµ?? st??
a????s? t?? ????? t??? ?d??e p???? t? d??at?t?ta
?a p??????? ta ?a?a?t???st??? t?? d?e?e???s?? µe
??a p?? s??e?d?t? t??p? ?a? ?a pa???s?????? st???
µa??t?? µ?a p?? ep???µ?t? e????a ??a t?? ep?st?µ?.
31
S???t?s? (2/3)
?? e?pa?de?t???? e??a? t?? e??a???a ?a s???t???
ep? ??e?? t?? FF? p????? f???? se ??? t? d????e?a
t?? p?????µµat??, ?at? t? d????e?a t??
s??a?t?se?? t?? e?e???t???? ?µ?da?, µet? t??
????????s? t?? µa??µ?t??, st? p?a?s?? d?das?a????
ap? t??? e?e???t??, st? p?a?s?? s??d?das?a????,
?at? t? s?ed?asµ? ap? ?????? s?ed??? d?das?a??a?,
?.?p., ?µ?? ?at? t?? ?p??? µa? ? p?? s?µa?t????
pa?????ta? p?? t??? ß????se ?a µetas??µat?s???
t?? ap??e?? ?a? t?? p?a?t???? t??? s?et??? µe t?
d?das?a??a t?? FF? ?ta? ? a?ast??ast??? p?a?t???
t?? µe??t?? t?? ?d??? t??? t?? ????? st? p?a?s??
t?? ?a??µ?t?? t?? FF?. ? ??a? e?pa?de?t????
a?af??e? ??a t? ??µa a?t? ? a????s? t?? ?????
µa? ?at? t? d????e?a t?? µa??µ?t?? t?? F? µe
ß????se ?a ?ata??ß? p???? ?a?a?t???st??? t??
d?das?a??a? t?? F?, ?p?? t?? ?a????st??? ???? t??
????? µa? se µ?a se??? ap? ??µata, µeta?? a?t??
?a? t? ap???µ????? ?? µa??t?? µ?? ??a ??e?? t??
FF? ?e t?? e?????? t?? p?????µµat?? µ??
?????ta? ??? ?a? p?? ?ata???t?? ?? d??f??e? ??e??
t?? FF? ? a????s? ?????, ??a pa??de??µa, µe
ß????se ?a ?ata???s? t? d?af??? pa?at???s?? ?a?
e?µ??e?a? ?a??? µe?et??sa st??µ??t?pa ap? t??
t??? µ?? ??a t? ??µa a?t? (??????? 2013).
32
S???t?s? (3/3)
???a? s?µa?t??? ?a t???ste? ?t? a??µ? ?a? ?at?
t? d????e?a t?? t??t?? ?a? t?? t?ta?t?? d??s??
p??? s???? ?? e?pa?de?t???? de? e?µeta??e???ta?
t?? e??a???e? p?? d????ta? st? s???t?s? ?a
d?d????? p?? ep???µ?t?? ??e?? t?? FF? ?a? ep?s??
µe????? f???? ep?????????sa? st??? µa??t?? t???
µ? ep???µ?t?? ??e?? t?? FF?. ??t? de???e? ?t? ?
µetas??µat?sµ?? t?? p?a?t???? ????? ?a? e? ???e?
t?? d?da?t???? p?a?t???? e??a? µ?a a???,
apa?t?t??? ?a? ep?p??? d?ad??as?a, ? ?p??a
??e???eta? ?????, ?a? ??a? ?e???a??
p??sa?at???sµ? se d??se?? epa??e?µat????
a??pt???? e?pa?de?t???? µe s??e?d?t? ?a?
a?ast??ast??? ?a?a?t??a.
33
S?µpe??sµata (1/2)
? µetas??µat?sµ?? t?? p?a?t???? t??
e?pa?de?t???? st?? pa?da?????? ???s? pe??e??µ????
t?? FF? apa?te? s?st?µat??? µe??t? ?a? ?e???a?e?
p??sa?at???sµ??e? d??se?? p?? ?a st??e???? st?
ße?t??s? t?? ep????????a??? st?at?????? t??
e?pa?de?t???? st? p?a?s?? d?e?e???t????
p??se???se?? st? µ???µa t?? F?. ??t?? ?
µetas??µat?sµ?? t?? d?da?t???? p?a?t???? st?
d?das?a??a t?? FF? de? e??a? µ?a e?????
d?ad??as?a, ?a??? ?? ap??e?? t??? ??a t? FF?,
?st? ?a? a? e??a? ?????, de? ?d????? ap? µ??e?
t??? se a?t?st???e? ep???µ?t?? p?a?t????, ?a???
ep?s?? ? d?das?a??a t?? FF? de? e??a? ??t? p??
????? ß??se? ?? e?pa?de?t???? e?te st?? sp??d??
t??? e?te st?? epa??e?µat??? t??? p??e?a.
?p?p??s??t??, ? ?a?da?????? G??s? ?e??e??µ????
?a? ?? de???t?te? p?? apa?t???ta? ??a ?a d?d?????
? e?pa?de?t???? ??e?? t?? FF? de? µp????? ?a
ap??t????? st? p?a?s?? µ????? ???????
p????aµµ?t?? epa??e?µat???? a??pt????.
34
S?µpe??sµata (2/2)
?? p?a?t???? ????? e??a? ?? p?? s?µa?t????
p?a?t???? se µ?a ?????t?ta, ??at? a?t?? pa??????,
d?aµes??aß??? ?a? ap?te???? t? ß?s? ???? t??
????? p?a?t???? ?a? te???? d?aµ??f????? t??
??sµ? ???? s?µµet????? se a?t?? (Roth 1998).
? ??? e?????? t?? p??sa?at???sµ????, µeta??
?????, st?? µe??t? t?? ????? t?? e?pa?de?t????
p?????µµat?? µa? µe t?? s?µµet?????,
??t?-s??e?d?t? ?a? a?ast??ast??? ?a?a?t??a
de???e? ?t? e??a? p??? s?µa?t??? ?? e?pa?de?t????
?a eµp?????ta? st?? a????s? t?? d?da?t???? t???
????? ?a? µ?s? a?t?? t?? d?ad??as?a? ?a ap??t???
µ?a p??? s?µa?t??? e??µe??t?ta ep? ??e?? p??
af????? t?? pa?da?????? ???s? pe??e??µ???? t??
FF? ?a? ??? µ???.
35
??d?s???ta? ??t? ?a? a?ast??a??µe??? ep?
??e?? t?? F?s?? t?? F?s???? ?p?st?µ??. ??a
p????aµµa epa??e?µat???? a??pt???? e?pa?de?t????
est?asµ??? st?? a????s? t?? ????? t???
???????a? ?a?a???t??, ??a?e?µ?d?? S??ß?,
??as???? ??t????, ??a??ts? ?ate???a
???t?se??
S??????? S?µß????? ??pa?de?t????
??ap????t??a ?a????t??a ?a?ep?st?µ???
??a??????