CHAMPLAIN TO THE RESCUE (Module 1 / Section II)

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CHAMPLAIN TO THE RESCUE(Module 1 / Section II)
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QUICK FACTS

• Samuel de Champlain succeeded (barely!) where
  Cartier had failed. Champlain managed to
  establish and maintain a permanent French colony
  on the mainland of North America. Objective went
  from exploration to settlement.
• The Fur Trade and Catholic Missionary work took
  shape under Champlain, who became known as the
  Father of New France (establishes first
  permanent settlement).

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Quick Facts

• By the early 1600s, the King of France, Henry
  IV, became interested in the new world, which
  Cartier explored.
• New Mission
• 1) Colonize New France (permanent
• SETTLEMENT convert Natives to
• Catholicism).
• 2) Set-up FUR TRADE business.

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Father of New France
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Champlains First Attempt at Settlement St.
Croix Island (not very successful)

• Pierre de Monts, a wealthy French trader, along
  with Champlain sailed through the Bay of Fundy
  entering St. Croix river in 1605.
• De Monts Champlain (accompanied by noblemen,
  craftsmen, and Swiss mercenaries) settled on a
  small island, where they built a mansion,
  barracks, blacksmith stand, and chapel.
• Winter was very cold (River froze, men cut-off
  from acquiring supplies from France to survive).

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Champlains First Attempt at Settlement St.
Croix Island (not very successful) contd

• Many settlers died from the cold and disease
  (scurvy). 36 of the original 80 colonists died.
• Area of settlement was limited in hunting area.
  Fur Trade could not be sustained.
• Settlement failed (some settlers returned to
  France).

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Champlains Second Attempt at Settlement Port
Royal (successful)

• Settled across the Bay of Fundy, an inner shore
  of todays Nova Scotia that settlers called Port
  Royal.
• Site was rich in supply of furs. (led to
  exploration of the area)
• Built wooden fortress called LHabitation.
  (palisade, central courtyard, cannons for
  protection)
• Port Royal was the first successful European
  settlement on Canadian mainland. (Also first fur
  trading post)
• 1608, Champlain returns to New France to settle
  along St.Lawrence River (present day Quebec
  City). Modeled like Port Royal.

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FUNDING (fur trade monopoly)

• Expeditions funded by private companies.
• King would select company (provide a charter
  with exclusive rights) that would fund the
  undertaking in return to hold trading monopoly in
  colony (e.g. fur trade)
• Monopoly exclusive right to supply product in
  one area which is controlled by ONE company. (No
  competition, therefore, company can set price
  higher than good is worth)
• Company, in return, was asked to populate their
  respective areas.