Colorado AgriScience Plant Science

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Colorado AgriSciencePlant Science

• Unit 4 Reproduction Genetics
• Lesson 3 Seeds, Fruit, Germination

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Seed Anatomy

• Seed Coat
• Protective layer surrounding embryo endosperm
• Protects the seed from drying out from physical
  injury
• Plays an important role for determining when
  conditions are conducive for germination
• Germination
• The act of growth beginning

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Seed Anatomy

• Embryo
• Little plant that will grow into a mature plant
• Dormant inside the seed
• It has a stem, root, one or two cotyledons
• Monocots have one cotyledon
• Dicots have two cotyledons

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Seed Anatomy

• Food Supply
• Protein Starch stored in the seed for the
  embryo
• Monocots
• Energy supply is the endosperm
• Dicots
• Energy supply is stored in the two cotyledons

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Fruit

• After fertilization the ovary wall enlarges
  forms the fruit
• May be fleshy or dry
• Serve to disseminate or scatter seeds from parent
  plant

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Stratification Scarification

• Stratification
• Process where a seed must go through a period of
  cold to germinate
• Scarification
• Breakdown of the seed coat for germination
• Pass through the acid stomach of an animal
• Soil bacteria and enzymes will breakdown seed coat

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Seed Germination
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Seed Germination Dicot
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Seed Germination Dicot
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Seed Germination Monocot
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Factors Causing Poor Germination

• Mechanical Injury to Seed
• Disease
• Storage Conditions
• Age of Seed
• Soil Temperature to Cold
• Hard Seed Coat
• Insufficient Soil Moisture

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Factors Causing Poor Germination

• Planting to Deep
• Chemical Damage
• Crusting of Soil

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Any Questions