Settlement - Lesson 2

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Settlement - Lesson 2

• Settlement Hierarchy

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Aims

• By the end of this lesson you should
• know that there are different sizes of
  settlement.
• know the names of different types of settlement.
• know the services which are found in settlements
  of different sizes.
• Know what a sphere of influence is

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Rural Urban Settlements
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Settlements Services

• Settlements also provide services for the people
  who live in them and in the surrounding area.
• Small settlements provide only a few low order
  services (e.g. general store which people use
  every day).
• Large services provide many services including
  high order services (e.g. dentist which people
  only use occasionally).

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• Things we find in settlements

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What do all these images have in common?

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They all provide services!
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What is a service?

• These are things which people can use.

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Settlements Services
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SPHERE OF INFLUENCE

• The sphere of influence (SOI) of a service is how
  far people will make use of that service. People
  are willing to travel longer distances to use a
  high order service.
• SOI can also be used for settlements. Some
  settlements such as Inverness have a very big
  spheres of influence because they contain a range
  of middle and high order services.

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Complete page 6

• A village has a small sphere of influence. It
  only attracts people from the nearby countryside.
  This is because it has just a few services- post
  office, shop, primary school
• A nearby town has a larger SOI. People from the
  countryside and the villages will go there to get
  services that the village doesn't have. This
  could be things like- secondary school, medical
  services and supermarket/bank/cinema.
• The nearest city may be some distance away and
  people in remote country areas and villages may
  only visit once or twice a year. They will go
  there only to get the sort of services and goods
  they cant get in there nearest town eg
  specialist hospitals, theatre, sports centre/
  college/uni/big shops

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S3 HOMEWORK DUE TUESDAY 21ST

• Complete page 4 and 12.

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Case study Inverness
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Situation
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FUNCTION
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Accessibility
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Map of Inverness

• http//classic.multimap.com/maps/?qsInvernesscou
  ntryCodeGBmap57.47874,-4.22081154dposbdus
  eful_informationlocGB57.48344-4.4599214Beaul
  yBeauly,20Highland,20Inverness-shire,20Scotlan
  d,20IV4207

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Retail Park
Retail Park
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MEASURING SPHERE OF INFLUENCE

• Trying to accurately find out the edge of the
  sphere of influence can be quite difficult, as
  different services have different spheres of
  influence in terms of their size and shape.

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Examples of sphere of influence projects
Description of project
Delivery areas department stores, electrical store, furniture store, local newspaper(to outlets to sell it), postal deliveries
Membership area sports clubs, social clubs, societies
Education catchment area local high schools, college
Employment area local factory
Service area public services police ambulance, fire station, library, postal sorting office(post codes), employment office, hospital)
Shoppers catchment interview up to 200 people random sample outside shops and services, asking which settlements they live in.
Local newspaper number of methods record settlements mentioned in news articles, small advertisements and for sale columns can be used. Plot each settlement mentioned, but beware of the rogue results.
Local bus services obtain a timetable to record the settlements which are directly linked to the town by a bus, the journey times and the number of bus journeys on a standard day.
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Describe the gathering techniques which could
have been used to identify the sphere of
influence of Inverness as shown in the
diagram. Justify you choice of
techniques 6 marks
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• Gathering
• Could interview, give questionnaire to shoppers
  in a large shopping centre, asking where they
  have come from (2)
• Interview/write a letter to ask manager of dept
  store for a record of their delivery area
• Ask manager of Caley Thistle for the addresses of
  their season holders
• Ask local hospital for addresses of their
  patients.

• Justification
• These are higher order services which will
  represent the longest distance people will be
  prepared to travel to Inverness to use its
  services (2)
• These points can be plotted on a map and the
  boundary of the sphere of influence can be drawn
  around them.
• Using several services allows a combined sphere
  of influence to be drawn which will be more
  accurate/realistic