Sedimentary Rocks

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Sedimentary Rocks

• Made from Sediments!!

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AIM What are the characteristics of sedimentary
rocks?

• Sedimentary rocks are formed from the
  accumulation and lithification of sediments

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Sed Rocks

• There are 3 types of sedimentary rocks
• Clastic sedimentary rocks are formed from clay,
  sand, and gravel (fragments)
• Crystalline sedimentary rocks are formed from
  mineral grains and crystals that precipitate out
  of solution by evaporation or chemical action
• Bioclastic or Organic rocks are formed from the
  remains of plants and animals

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Clastic Rocks

• Clastic Rocks the particles consist of
  weathered existing rocks.
• Particle sizes vary

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Clastic Sed Rocks

• Large accumulations of clastic sediments exist
  where rivers meet still bodies of water

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Clastic Sed Rocks

• Clastic rocks are lithified by compaction and
  cementation
• Compaction occurs when the weight of overlying
  sediments compresses the material and squishes
  out most of the water
• Cementation occurs when dissolved minerals
  precipitate in the pores between the particles
  and glue them together. Ex silica, calcite,
  hematite

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Crystalline Sed Rocks

• Crystalline Rocks the minerals dissolved in
  solution are precipitated from water by
  evaporation or chemical action.

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Bioclastic Sed Rocks

• Bioclastic or Organic rocks are formed from
  accumulations of remains of living things. YES,
  rocks made of dead stuff

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Sed Rocks Secondary Features

• Secondary Sedimentary Features see these in a
  rock and its probably sedimentary.
• Stratification the arrangement of sedimentary
  rock in visible layers that may separate easily

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Sed Rocks Secondary Features

• Fossils the remains, impressions, or any other
  evidence of the existence of life preserved in
  the rock

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Sed Rocks Secondary Structures

• Ripple Marks seen on the surface of a bed of
  sandstone formed from wave action on the sand
  sediment before lithification

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Sed Rocks Secondary Structures

• Mud Cracks these develop when deposits of wet
  clay dry out and crack. Cracks often fill with
  different material

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