The%20Passive - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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The%20Passive

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Put the verbs in brackets into the past simple passive ... ... The Passive – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: The%20Passive


1
The Passive
2
Sample sentences
  • The window was broken last night.
  • Our IT system is being renewed at the moment.
  • A loan can be arranged within six days.
  • Interest rates were raised by 1.
  • I have been offered a new job.
  • A new job has been offered to me.

3
We use the passive
  • 1. When who does the action is not important.
  • The new design hasnt been chosen.
  • 2. When who does the action is clear from the
    situation
  • I was being asked some difficult questions at the
    interview.
  • 3. When who does the action is unknown
  • The window was broken last night.

4
  • Passive can be formed ONLY with transitive verbs
    those that have an OBJECT
  • Someone is walking in the street.-NO OBJECT
  • Somebody damaged in transit.

the goods
OBJECT
5
ACTIVE PASSIVE
  • ACTIVE Subject Object
  • speak .
  • PASSIVE

Mexicans
Spanish
is spoken
in Mexico.
6
ACTIVE PASSIVE
  • Subject Object
  • founded .
  • by .

Richard Branson
Virgin Records
was founded
7
Form
TO BE past participle
8
Steps in making an active sentences passive
  • Adam Smith wrote The Wealth of Nations.
    (active)
  • Find the object of the active sentence.
  • Put the object at the beginning of the passive
    sentence.
  • Put the verb TO BE in the tense of the main verb
    of the active sentence.
  • Add past participle of the main verb of the
    active sentence
  • Add BY subject of the active sentence (if
    necessary)
  • 1. The Wealth of Nations
  • 2. The Wealth of Nations
  • 3. was (because of WROTE)
  • 4. written
  • 5. by Adam Smith.
  • The Wealth of Nations was written by Adam Smith.
    (passive)

9
ACTIVE PASSIVE
  • Subject Object
  • wrote .
  • by
  • Romeo and Juliet was written by
    Shakespeare.

Shakespeare
Romeo and Juliet
was written
10
ACTIVE PASSIVE
  • Subject Object
  • is shipping next week.
  • next week by
  • The goods are being shipped next week by our
    supplier.

Our supplier
the goods
are being shipped
11
ACTIVE PASSIVE
  • Subject Object
  • will not finish by next month.
  • by next month.
  • The project wont be finished by next month.

They
the project
wont be finished
12
ACTIVE PASSIVE
  • Subject Object
  • can arrange within six days.
  • within six days.
  • A loan can be arranged within six days.

We
a loan
can be arranged
13
Verbs with two objects
  • They promised
  • give, lend, offer, promise, sell, send, take
    smth. to smbd.
  • book, buy, keep, make, prepare, save smth. for
    smbd.

me
a better salary.
indirect object
direct object
14
ACTIVE PASSIVE
  • Subject Indirect object Direct object
  • offered
  • 1.
  • I was offered a new job.
  • 2.
  • A new job was offered to me.

They
a new job
me
I
was offered
was offered
me
to
15
ACTIVE PASSIVE
  • Subject Indirect object Direct object
  • gave
  • 1.
  • We were given a large order.
  • 2.
  • A large order was given to us.

They
a large order
us
We
were given
was given
us
to
16
THE PASSIVE USES
  • If we want to mention who performs the action we
    can use a phrase beginning with by
  • The decision was taken by the committee.
  • The missing file has been found by one of the
    cleaners.
  • The goods are being shipped next week by our
    supplier in China.

17
THE PASSIVE USES
  • Active or passive If it is important to say who
    performs an action, we can use the active or we
    can use the passive and the word by
  • ACTIVE Peter Franks runs the Marketing
    Department.
  • PASSIVE The Marketing Department is run by Peter
    Franks.
  • Both of these sentences are correct.

18
THE PASSIVE USES
  • If we were already talking about Peter Franks,
    we would probably use the active
  • Peter Franks is an old colleague of mine. He
    works for Butterfield International, and he runs
    the Marketing Department.
  • If we were talking about the Marketing
    Department, we would probably use the passive
  • The Marketing Department is a large and very
    successful division that employs over 100 people.
    It is run by Peter Franks.

19
THE PASSIVE USES
  • Systems and processes
  • The passive is often used to talk about systems
    and processes, because we are more concerned with
    the process itself than who carries it out. For
    example, here is a description of the wine-making
    process

20
Wine is made from the fermented juice of grapes.
Grapes are picked at optimum sugar/acidity
levels. After picking, the grapes are taken to
the winery, de-stemmed and crushed in a variety
of presses. The juice is then clarified by
settling or by centrifuge, yeast and sugar are
added and the wine is left to ferment in tanks.
When fermentation is finished the wine is poured
into a clean tank to stabilise. It can then be
filtered and bottled and left to mature.
21
Active ?Passive
  • Thank you for your order for Pcplus software
    which we received this morning. Our team is
    dealing with your order, and we expect that we
    will deliver the package to you within 10 working
    days. I have included our current price list as
    an attachment. Please note we only guarantee
    these prices until 31 December. Thank you for
    choosing soft.com.
  • Thank you for your order for Pcplus software
    which was received this morning.
  • Your order is being dealt with by our team and we
    expect that the package will be delivered to you
    within 10 working days.
  • Our current price list has been included as an
    attachment.
  • Please note that these prices are guaranteed
    until 31 December.

22
Complete each sentence with a passive verb. You
may need a negative form.
  • The goods _________ (damage) in transit last
    night.
  • This advert _________ (see) by thousands of
    people every day.
  • The project _________ (finish) by the end of the
    month.
  • Fifty retail outlets _________ (close) over the
    last year.
  • 5. All of our IT systems currently _________
    (review).
  • 6. Your order _________ (can/ship) until we
    receive payment.

were damaged
is seen
will not be finished
have been closed
are currently being reviewed
cannot be shipped
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