Predicting Products of Reactions

1
Predicting Products of Reactions

• Synthesis Reactants combine to form a single
  product make sure the product has an acceptable
  formula (ions are correct charges, etc.)
• Decomposition Reactant breaks down into simpler
  products
• Binary compounds decompose into elements
• Carbonates produce CO2 and oxide
• Na2CO3 ? Na2O CO2
• Explosives produce gases

2
Predicting Products of Reactions

• Single Replacement Element replaces another
  element (generally, metal or hydrogen replace one
  another, nonmetal replaces nonmetal)
• Double Replacement Positive ions switch
  partners
• Combustion reaction with O2 produces oxides
  (often H2O and CO2)

3
Examples Predict products and write balanced
equations

1. Decomposition of calcium carbonate
2. Decomposition of aluminum oxide
3. Al Cl2 ?
4. Zn HCl ?
5. Combustion of butane (C4H10)
6. Ca(NO3)2 K2CO3 ?
7. Ca H2O ?

4
Energy and Chemical Reactions

• Endothermic A process that absorbs heat energy
  from its surroundings.
• Causes the temperature of surrounding
  substances to decrease.
• EXAMPLES?
• Exothermic A process that gives off heat to its
  surroundings.
• Causes the temperature of surrounding
  substances to increase.
• EXAMPLES?

5
Acids and Bases

• Acid a compound that yields H ions in aqueous
  solution.
• Formula contains H as first element.
• Base a compound that yields OH- ions in aqueous
  solution.
• Formula contains hydroxide (OH-) ions.

6
Acid-Base Reactions

• Double Replacement
• Example
• HNO3 NaOH ?
• Products of acid-base reactions
• Water (HOH H2O)
• Ionic Compound (salt general term)

7
Examples

• Complete and balance the following acid base
  reactions
• HCl KOH ?
• H3PO4 Mg(OH)2 ?
• H2SO4 NaOH ?