Settling%20the%20West

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Settling the West
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Causes and Effects of settling

• Cause

• Effect

• Discovery of Gold in CA Colorado
• 1849 -1858

• Discovery drew tens of thousands of miners to the
  west and led to the growth of mining camps and
  frontier towns

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• Cause

• Effect

• Land grants given to the railroads

• Railroad companies sold frontier land to farmers
  at low prices
• Railroad companies recruited Europeans as well to
  buy and farm frontier land

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• Cause

• Effect

• Homestead Act related laws passed in 1870s

• Homestead Act offered 160 acres of land free to
  anyone who would cultivate it for five years
• Similar acts offered land cheaply or for free in
  states such as Kansas and Oklahoma
• Also offered in AZ territory

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Why would technology be important here?
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• Cause

• Effect

• Inventions improvements in farm technology

• Increased farm productivity by decreasing the
  amount of effort and time required to produce
  farm goods

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• Cause

• Effect

• Morrill Land Grant Acts Hatch Acts

• Supported farmers by financing agricultural
  education and research in farm technology and
  methodology

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• Causes

• Rapid population growth in the Great Plains
  (N./S. Dakota, Wyoming, Montana, Nebraska)

• Expansion of railroads, discoveries of gold,
  farming

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• Causes

• Constant displacement of Native Americans to
  reservations

• Increase in numbers of western settlers

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What hardships can you think of?
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Hardships faced by frontier farmers

• Obtaining enough good land to support family
• Bad weather (droughts, floods,blizzards)
• Raids by outlaws Native Americans
• Self-sufficient for clothing and medical care
• Financial problems (debt, bankruptcy, fluctuating
  prices, rising costs of shipping equipment)

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Key Aspects

• Homesteader- Settler of the free land
• Soddy- Home settlers lived in dugout sod homes
  made from grass/dirt
• Bonanza farm- Enormous single-crop spreads of
  15,000-50,000 acres.
• Populist Party- Political movement for the
  people, demanded reforms for farmers workers.
• -Major feature of party platform the right to
  work

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Fort Laramie Treaty

• 1851
• Treaty between the US Government and Plains
  tribes that agreed upon land in the Dakotas
• Did not last long and when government discovered
  gold and other valuable resources, wars ensued.

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Sand Creek Massacre

• 1864, Cheyenne Tribe
• Disputes with government over land and control
  over planes territory
• Military slaughter around 150 defenseless Native
  Americans in the Colorado Sand Creek
• Among killed were old men, women, and children

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Little Bighorn

• 1876
• Aka- Custers last stand
• Fight between Government and Sioux/Cheyenne
  forces
• Natives beat the US in one of the greatest
  victories for the Indians during the Indian Wars
• General Custer is killed along with many of his
  troops

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Wounded Knee

• 1890
• Between US and South Dakota Sioux
• 2 weeks after Sitting Bull was killed
• Final major battle ends Plains Indian culture in
  the name of gold, land, and resources

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Soddy House
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Bonanza Farm
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Causes and Effects of Westward Expansion

• Causes

• Effects

• Gold, Homestead Act, Railroads, Growing Cattle
  Industry, Farming, Economic Independence

• Railroad, Displacement of Native Americans to
  reservations, barbed wire

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What drew people to Arizona?

• Gold and Copper mining
• Ranching Cattle
• Coal mining