Western Power Rule Southeast Asia Chapter 27.5

1
Western Power Rule Southeast Asia Chapter 27.5

• Pages 706-708

2
Objectives

• To summarize the acquisition of European colonies
  in Southeast Asia.
• To describe how Siam remained independent.

3

• Main Idea Demand for Asian products drove
  Western imperialists to seek possession of
  Southeast Asia lands.
• Why it Matters Now Southeast Asian independence
  struggles in the 20th Century have their roots in
  this period of imperialism.

4
Western Rivalries for Pacific Rims Lands

• Pacific Rim- Southeast Asia and islands on the
  edge? Pacific Ocean
• Lands perfect for plantation agriculture
• Sugar, Coffee, Cocoa, Rubber, Coconuts, Bananas,
  Pineapples
• Europeans rushed to gain lands

5
Dutch

• Controlled Indonesia? discovery of oil rubber
  plantations prompted many Dutch to settle in the
  islands
• Dutch thought of Indonesia as their HOME
• Created rigid social class system Dutch? top,
  wealthy/educated Indonesians? middle, plantation
  workers? bottom
• Dutch forced farmers plant 1/5 of their land in
  specified export crops

6
British

• Singapore? base for trade/worlds busiest ports
• Malaysia? large deposits of tin leading in
  rubber exporter
• Not enough workers? Chinese asked to come down to
  work? Malays became minority? conflict b/w
  Chinese Malays
• Burma? teak, oil, rubber

7
French

• Indochina (Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam)
• Direct Colonial Management- ruled directly push
  French culture on Indochinese
• Didnt encourage industry? Rice major crop
• Vietnamese grew more rice than before? ate less?
  b/c shipping out of country
• Set the stage for resistance

8
Colonial Impact

• Modern life to regions
• Economic change? benefited Europeans more than
  locals
• Schooling, health sanitation improved
• Millions people migrated to new regions (SW Asia)
• Mix cultures? conflict b/w groups

9
Siam (Thailand) Maintains Independence

• Siam surrounded by lands taken by French
  British
• French British didnt want the other to control
  Siam
• Siamese kings played French British against one
  another to remain free from both nation
• King Mongkut his son modernized Siam
• Started schools
• Reformed government
• Built RR telegraph lines
• Ended slavery
• Changes happened with little social turmoil