World War II

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World War II

• Major Battles

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Battle of Britain

• 1940
• Skies above England.London
• German(Luftwaffe) vs Britain
• Continuous air raids and bombing of industrial
  areas, railroads, bridges, cities
• Really no winner. Britain never surrendered and
  Germany stopped the bombing and cuts the loses.
  Cost them planes, bombs, men and money.

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North Africa

• Summer 1942 Summer 1943
• Northern coast of Africa
• Allies vs mostly Germans
• Attempt to drive out all Axis powers to keep away
  from oil/trade routes
• Allies successful
• Would now be able to invade Italy from the south

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Balkan Invasion

• Early 1941
• Balkan Region
• German drive British forces from Greece
• Take control of Caspian Sea (oil) and Suez Canal
  trade.
• Be able to attack Soviet Union from the south

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Battle of Leningrad

• Sept 1941-first part of 1942
• Now called St. Petersburg
• Germany surrounds Leningrad and over million
  civilians starve and die
• Soviets never gave up
• German losses near 500,000

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Pearl Harbor

• December 7th, 1941
• Surprise attack on main naval base in Pacific
• 2300 soldiers, 150 planes and 18 ships lost
• Crushing American defeat
• FDR This day will live in infamy
• Tojo I feel we have woke a sleeping giant!
• Brings US into war on both fronts-Pacific and
  European

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Midway Hawaii
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Battle of Midway

• June 1942
• Japan send 100 ships to Midway to take the base
  to continue towards Hawaii
• US intercepted and decoded message, ready for the
  attack
• War fought mostly by planes, shot down 38 Zeros
• US sank 4 Japanese aircraft carriers in a period
  of minutes to send Japan retreating.
• Turning point of war with Japan

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Iwo Jima

• March-June 1945
• Small island in the Pacific
• Part of Island hopping technique in Pacific to
  closer and closer to Japan to launch invasion.
  Attack and take over islands not well defended.
• Japan dug in, literally into side of mountain and
  ground. Held off til June. One of the bloodiest
  battles of war.
• US victory took control of airbase

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Iwo Jima (Memorial in DC)
Iwo Jima (Memorial in DC)
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Map of Iwo Jima
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Battle at Coral Sea

• May 1942
• Eastern coast of Australia
• American Navy despite being half the size of
  Japans stop Japans movement towards Australia
• Battle fought by Warplanes
• Beginning of Japanese aviation decline

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Hiroshima

• August 6th, 1945
• A city of military and industrial significance in
  Japan
• 7th Largest city in Japan
• First A-bomb was dropped
• Name of the airplane was the Anola Gay Tibbets
  mother
• Instantly killed 80,00 people, Japan claimed
  200,000

Nagasaki

• August 9th, 1945
• Nagasaki was picked as a result of Military and
  Industrial importance also
• It was the largest port in south Japan
• Instantly killed 70,000 people
• Force Japanese to surrender

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Paul Tibbets and the Anola Gay
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Little Boy
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After Little Boy
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Fat Man
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After Fat Man
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Battle of Stalingrad

• 1942-1943
• Stalingrad, Soviet Union
• Soviets vs Germans
• Bloodiest standoff on the war
• Over one million casualties. Turning point in
  war, Germans retreat, Soviets begin offensive
• Allies decided to let Russia fight on their own
• THIS DECISION WILL COST THE U.S. FUTURE
  RELATIONS WITH SOVIETS.

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D-Day Invasion

• June 6th, 1944
• Normandy (North Shore of France)
• Code Name Operation Overlord
• British and US forces vs German
• Had to invade France to be able
• to invade/attack Germany
• Largest single invasion in
• military history
• Now able to liberate France and
• attack Germany

• Higgins Boats

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Normandy
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Invasion
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Battle of Bulge

• December 16, 1944
• Border areas near Luxembourg, France and Germany
• Germany last ditch effort to take back France and
  regain some power. Germany made some ground but
  not enough.
• This is were the phrase Bend but not Break was
  used
• Impact Germans begin retreat signaling their
  defeat.
• First time allies will enter Germany since war
  started
• First time allies will see concentration camps

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Battle of the Bulge
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Battle of Alamein

• Oct-Nov 1942
• North coast of Africa in Egypt
• Allies vs Axis
• Italy and Germany have control of Northern Africa
  and are headed towards Cairo/Suez Canal
• US decides to start here because the Axis forces
  are less powerful.
• The Battle of Alamein begins to push Germany out
  Northern Africa

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Guadalcanal

• Aug 1942-Feb 43
• Solomon Islands controlled by Japan
• First US offensive. Marine stormed the shores to
  root out Japan and cut supply lines.
• Many causalities but finally succeeded

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Solomon Islands
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Okinawa

• Apr-July 1945
• Another major Island hopping victory in the
  Pacific
• US Victory
• Now able to safely bomb Japan/Tokyo

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Map of Southeast Asia
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Invasion of Italy

• July 1943- June 1944
• Southern part of Italy
• Allies vs Axis mostly Italians
• Allies trying to get rid of Mussolini and attack
  Germany from south
• Victorious..April 44 he is killed
• Able to launch bombings on Germany

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European Front

• April 29, 1945 Mussolini and 15 other fascist
  leaders are executed and hanged in the Piazzale
  Loreto in Milan.

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Leyte Gulf

• Oct 1944
• Off coast of Philippines
• Largest Naval engagement in History
• US wiped out Japans Navy for good and supplies
  routes.
• 1st time Japan
• uses Kamikazes

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Map of Leyte Gulf (in Philippians)
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WW II Fatalities
  Country Military Civilian Total
  Soviet Union 8,668,000 16,900,000 25,568,000
  China 1,324,000 10,000,000 11,324,000
  Germany 3,250,000 3,810,000 7,060,000
  Poland 850,000 6,000,000 6,850,000
  Japan 1,506,000 300,000 1,806,000
  Yugoslavia 300,000 1,400,000 1,700,000
  Rumania 520,000 465,000 985,000
  France 340,000 470,000 810,000
  Hungary     750,000
  Austria 380,000 145,000 525,000
  Greece     520,000
  Italy 330,000 80,000 410,000
  Czechoslovakia     400,000
  Great Britain 326,000 62,000 388,000
  USA 295,000   295,000
  Holland 14,000 236,000 250,000
  Belgium 10,000 75,000 85,000
  Finland 79,000   79,000
  Canada 42,000   42,000
  India 36,000 36,000
  Australia 39,000   39,000
  Spain 12,000 10,000 22,000
  Bulgaria 19,000 2,000 21,000
  New Zealand 12,000   12,000
  South Africa 9,000   9,000
  Norway 5,000   5,000
  Denmark 4,000   4,000
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The
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