PROTEINS

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PROTEINS

HAVE MANY FUNCTIONS

• THEY MAKE UP THE STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL
  COMPONENTS OF CELLS/ OF THE BODY.
• -Every organism has 1000s of unique proteins
• -Proteins are coded from DNA

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LIKE MUSCLES
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HAIR
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AND NAILS
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2. THEY ACT AS ENZYMES TO SPEED UP CHEMICAL
REACTIONS.
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3. SOME ARE HORMONES.
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4. SOME ARE IMPORTANT IN IMMUNITY.
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5. SOME ARE IMPORTANT IN TRANSPORT. THEY MAKE
UP BLOOD HEMOGLOBIN.
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PROTEIN STRUCTURE

• ALL PROTEINS CONTAIN C, H, O N.
• AMINO ACIDS ARE THE BUILDING BLOCKS.
• THERE ARE 20 DIFFERENT AMINO ACIDS FOUND IN
  HUMANS.
• All aas have a central C that has a H, COOH
  (carboxyl group), an amine group (NH2), and an
  R group (a hydrocarbon chain of 2- ? Carbons).

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BASIC STRUCTURE OF AN AMINO ACID
H
C
COOH
NH2
R
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AMINO ACIDS

• THERE ARE 20 DIFFERENT AMINO ACIDS
• ____ ARE NONESSENTIAL, THE BODY CAN MAKE THEM
• ____ ARE ESSENTIAL, THEY MUST BE IN OUR DIET

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• Two amino acids dipeptide
• Three or more amino acids polypeptide
• Remember ase enzyme

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ENZYMES

• ARE GLOBULAR SHAPED PROTEINS THAT ACT AS
  BIOLOGICAL CATALYSTS.
• CATALYSTS SPEED UP REACTIONS.

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CHARACTERISTICS OF ENZYMES

• ARE DESTROYED BY
• HEAT
• STRONG ACIDS
• STRONG BASES
• THEY COME OUT OF A REACTION EXACTLY AS THEY WENT
  IN
• THEY ARE SPECIFIC, THEY CATALYZE A SINGLE REACTION