Chapter 28

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Chapter 28 The Jussive Subjunctive
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Chapter 28 The Jussive Subjunctive

• The ancient grammarians coined the term
  "subjunctive" to indicate its most common use, in
  subordinate clauses (subiungo, to join as
  subordinate). 
• But the various subordinate uses are best
  understood as developments from the independent
  uses.

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Chapter 28 The Jussive Subjunctive

• The Jussive Subjunctive may be used just like the
  IMPERATIVE to give direct commands.
• In other words, it is the direct expression of
  the duty or obligation that rests on someone. 
• Unlike the Imperative, however, you may use it in
  any number or person. 

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Chapter 28 The Jussive Subjunctive

• So, you could say "Let us do something." or "Let
  them die."
• Ne is employed in negative commands. 
• Its easy to recognize a jussive subjunctive
  clause, look for a main verb in the subjunctive.

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Chapter 28 The Jussive Subjunctive

• In English translation may and should can
  sometimes be employed, especially in the second
  person
• Semper speres
• you should always hope
• let is the English auxiliary most often used,
  followed by the subject noun or pronoun.

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Chapter 28 The Jussive Subjunctive
Examples of the Jussive Subjunctive
Cogitem nunc de hac re, et tum non errabo.
Let me think now about this matter, and then I
will not err.
Amemus patriam.
"let us love the fatherland" ('hortatory").
Amemus patriam?
"Are we to love the fatherland? (deliberative).
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Chapter 28 The Jussive Subjunctive
Discipulus discat aut discedat.
Let the disciple learn or leave.
Doceamus magna cum delectatione linguam Latinam.
Let us learn the Latin language with great
delight.
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Chapter 28 The Jussive Subjunctive
Ne id faciamus.
Let us not do this.
Audeant illi viri et feminae esse fortes.
Let those men and women dare to be brave.