Computer Guts and Operating Systems

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Computer Guts and Operating Systems

• CSCI 101 Week Two

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Numbers

• To computers, everything is a number.
• Since a computer is really just millions of tiny
  switches, all a computer understands is off and
  on, which we represent with 0s and 1s.
• Binary Numbers
• 00000001 1
• 00000010 2
• 00000011 3
• ...
• 10000001 65
• ...
• 11111111 255

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Storage Amounts

• Bit 0 or 1
• Byte 8 bits
• Kilobyte (KB) 210 bytes about one thousand
  bytes
• Megabyte (MB) 220 bytes about one million
  bytes
• Gigabyte (GB) 230 bytes about one billion
  bytes
• Terabyte (TB) 240 bytes about one trillion
  bytes

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Does it mean?

• 1GB 250 songs
• 1GB 250,000 typed pages
• In 1995, 1GB cost 15,000

size 25 years ago and Today
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Key Components

• CPU - central processing unit
• the brains of the system
• can only perform simple operations like add two
  numbers, or compare two numbers
• Main Memory / RAM
• holds all data and instructions for all the
  programs you are running
• Input/Output Processors
• they talk to the other parts such as the USB
  ports, the disk drive, etc.
• Bus
• the shared communication channel for all the
  components
• Motherboard
• holds the CPU and memory

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Internal Diagram
Internal Memory / RAM (instructions and data)
B U S
CPU
ROM
Disk Drive
IOP
IOP
IOP
IOP
USB Port
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• Which is the best price for
  an external hard drive?
• 100 for .5 TB
• 120 for 512 GB
• Which laptop should I buy?
• Model A and B are the same processor and
  processor speed, but B has 4GB of RAM while A has
  2GB of RAM.
• model A for 750
• model B for 1000

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Misc Hardware Terms

• Embedded Computer
• Machine Types
• PC
• Workstation
• Server
• Supercomputer
• Cache Memory

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Operating Systems

• Purpose control the hardware
• access to the CPU
• internal memory management
• file storage on disks
• etc
• Discussion
• Microsoft Windows vs Mac and Linux

http//www.w3schools.com/browsers/browsers_os.asp
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Mobile Operating Systems

• Discussion
• Android, Apple, RIM, Microsoft, Symbian

http//www.emailtray.com/blog/smartphone-penetrati
on-in-2012-us-market-share-operating-systems-and-u
ser-behavior/
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Homework

• Watch the entire Randy Pausch Time Management
  video found at
• http//www.youtube.com/watch?voTugjssqOT0
• Write 2-3 pages on up to 3 things that you can
  start doing today, using technology, to improve
  your time management skills.
• Email the paper to me at roudaj_at_winthrop.edu no
  later than the start of our next class.

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Next Class

• How the Internet Works
• Who owns it?
• How do you create a new domain name?
• What is a "domain name"?
• How does it work?
• What can it do?