Digestive System

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Digestive System

• Breaks down food into nutrients.

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Made up of

• Mouth
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Small intestine
• Large intestine
• Rectum
• Anus

Food does not travel through

• Salivary glands
• Liver
• Pancreas
• Gall bladder

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Types of Digestion

• Mechanical Digestion
• Grinding and mashing of food into smaller pieces.
• Chemical Digestion
• Breaking down of food into nutrients using acids
  and enzymes

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Proteins- Broken down into amino acids Used to
build muscle Carbohydrates- Broken down into
simple sugars Used for energy Fats- Broken
down into fatty acids Used for stored energy
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Digestive Tract

• Food travels through the following organs

1.Mouth 2.Esophagus 3.Stomach 4.Small
intestine 5.Large Intestine 6.Rectum 7.Anus
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1. Mouth

• Digestion begins here. Both mechanical and
  chemical digestion take place.
• Teeth will chew and mash food into smaller
  pieces. (mechanical digestion)
• Salivary glands found around your mouth produce
  saliva that begin chemical digestion of
  carbohydrates.

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2. Esophagus

• The esophagus is a long tube that connects the
  mouth to the stomach.
• Food moves through the esophagus by peristalsis.
• Peristalsis is a rhythmic muscle contraction that
  squeeze food down.

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3. Stomach
Bag-like organ where digestion occurs.

• Mechanical digestion takes place when the stomach
  churns.
• Chemical digestion takes place when acids
  breakdown food into nutrients.
• After 2-4 hours your food becomes a soupy mixture
  called chyme.

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4. Small Intestine
Long but narrow tube where final digestion takes
place.

• Chemical digestion takes place in the small
  intestine. Enzymes digest proteins and fats.
• Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream
  through villi.
• Villi are finger-like projections found in the
  small intestine.

Villi
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Bile

• Bile helps to digest fats in the small intestine.
• Bile is made in the liver and stored in the gall
  bladder.

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Pancreas

• The pancreas releases chemicals (pancreatic
  juices) into the small intestine to help
  digestion.
• Stomach acid is neutralized with bicarbonate
  before it enters the small intestine.

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5. Large Intestine

• Undigested food ends up in the large intestine.
• Excess water is removed from undigested food to
  create solid waste.
• 6. Rectum -Solid waste or feces is stored here.
• 7. Anus -Solid waste leaves the body through here.

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mouth
teeth
salivary glands
esophagus
stomach
liver
pancreas
gall bladder
large intestine
small intestine
anus
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