Post war of 1812 America

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Post war of 1812 America

• A Time of many changes
• The Era of Good Feeling

2
Standard VII

• SSUHS7 Students will explain the process of
  economic growth, its regional and national impact
  in the first half of the 19th century, and the
  different responses to it.
• Why was the War of 1812 a catalyst for major
  change in America?

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The Era of Good feeling

• The years of 1815 1825 were known as the Era of
  good feeling
• 1 political party
• Significant economic development
• Negotiated a truce in the brewing slavery battle
• Era of Good Feelings - Wikipedia, the free
  encyclopedia

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Changes in America

• America experienced changes in the following
  areas
• ECONOMIC
• POLITICAL
• SOCIAL

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Industrial / Economic Changes

• The industrial revolution arrives in America
• Emergence of a Free market economy occur in
  America
• 2 Reasons
• Faith in the country which leads to investments
  in banking
• Work outside of the home and work other than
  subsistence farming
• System allows for the fastest, most efficient,
  most creative people to thrive

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Free market economy

• Take about 2 minutes to list what you think are
  the characteristics of a free market economy!
• an economic system in which prices and wages are
  determined by unrestricted competition between
  businesses, without government regulation or fear
  of monopolies.

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American economy in 1815

• The economy thrives because
• 1. New businesses move here
• 2. Gov. is not cracking down on what can and
  cannot be done as some other world gov. are doing
• 3. (previously cited examples about investments
  and faith in system)

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Inventions drive the change

• Steam engine Robert Fulton
• Name 2 ways this would have influenced the
  economy
• Cotton Gin Eli Whitney
• Name 2 ways this would have influenced the
  economy
• Interchangeable parts Eli Whitney
• Name 2 ways this would have influenced the
  economy

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Francis Cabot Lowell

• Francis Cabot Lowell (businessman) - Wikipedia,
  the free encyclopedia
• Francis Cabot Lowell creates the worlds first
  centralized textile mill.
• The creation of this mill and the creation of the
  cotton gin link the country and make us an
  industrial force.
• Coupled with the steam engine powering our ships
  and trains, we became a force to be reckoned with

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Economies of the regions

• Northwest Farming would send crops via canal
  to NY or Mississippi river to New Orleans.
  Dependent upon steam ships.
• Northeast Manufacturing Mills - textiles
• South The philosophy of King Cotton emerges
• South has good cotton farming conditions ?
  southern economy develops around cotton farming ?
  Cotton Gin makes cotton plantations profitable ?
  Market rev. leads to massive textile industry ?
  Landowners create plantations
• How did this system make slave labor ultra
  important?

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Political Change

• Due to the new influence of slave labor, the
  south became an important part of the nation.
• Missouri Compromise - Wikipedia, the free
  encyclopedia
• Mo Compromise worksheet for HW..

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The Election of 1824

• Era of good feelings comes to an end with a
  political scandal (according to Jackson)
• Presidential Election Interactive Map and History
  of the Electoral College
• John Quincy Adams is elected President and forces
  Jackson to create the Jacksonian Deomocrats.

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Adams Presidency

• Adams passed the Tariff of 1828 - Wikipedia, the
  free encyclopedia AKA The Tariff of
  Abominations
• Due to this protective tariff and lack of
  interest in moving the native Americans, people
  chose to make a change in 1828

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Election of 1828
Issues Jackson Adams
Slavery
Bank of USA
Voting rights for common man
Building of infrastructure
Gov. jobs
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Please complete the following

• Question 1 State 3 things that made Jackson a
  different type of President than Presidents
  before him.
• Question 2 Make an argument using 3 examples of
  why Jackson was a good President.
• Question 3 Make an argument using 3 examples
  for why Jackson was a bad president.

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Nullification Crisis

• Describe the Nullification Crisis and the
  emergence of states rights ideology, including
  the role of John C. Calhoun and development of
  sectionalism.
• Description (Caused by the tariffs of 1828 and
  1832) South Carolina thought the tariffs injured
  their economy and therefore refused to
  acknowledge them in their state.
• States rights South Carolina stated that the
  Federal Gov. is not the sole arbiter of their
  own power.
• John C. Calhoun Senator from South Carolina who
  works to prevent the gov. from using force.
  Negotiates a new tariff that was less oppressive
  to the state
• Sectionalism - An attitude around the country
  arises where states make decisions that are best
  for them not the country

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Webster - Hayne debate

• Daniel Webster, a senator from New England
  dismisses nullifciation and states that it is
  unconstitutional.
• Webster also says states should not be allowed to
  consider sucession from the USA
• South Carolina nullifies the tariffs of 1828 and
  1832 anyway.
• This sets the stage for sectionalism in our
  country and the beginning of the Whig Party

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Whig Party

• The Whig Party is formed to oppose many of the
  views of Andrew Jackson and southern
  protectionist.
• Whigs support the National bank and protective
  tariffs!

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Veto of the National Bank

• Jackson destroys the national bank and withdraws
  the USAs funds
• It concentrated the nation's financial strength
  in a single institution.
• It exposed the government to control by foreign
  interests.
• It served mainly to make the rich richer.
• It exercised too much control over members of
  Congress.
• It favored northeastern states over southern and
  western states
• Jacksons veto of the bank gave rise to PET
  BANKS
• What is a pet bank?

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Specie Circular and the Panic of 1837

• Then, in 1836, Jackson issued the Specie
  Circular, which required buyers of government
  lands to pay in "specie" (gold or silver coins).
  The result was a great demand for specie, which
  many banks did not have enough of to exchange for
  their notes. These banks collapsed.27 This was
  a direct cause of the Panic of 1837, which threw
  the national economy into a deep depression. It
  took years for the economy to recover from the
  damage
• www.wikipedia.com

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Political cartoon

• Please answer the following about the cartoon on
  the next slide
• What does this political cartoon show Andrew
  Jackson doing?
• What message was the author trying to convey?
• Was the author pro or anti-Jackson?
• What is the significance of Jacksons actions?

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Change in the political landscape

• How does the election of Andrew Jackson signal a
  change in Americas political landscape?
• Was Andrew Jackson a positive or negative
  president?

26
How did Jackson violate the Constitution?

• Two important CT. cases were ignored by him.
• 1. Cherokee v. Georgia
• The Cherokees were their own nation within the
  borders of the USA
• 2. Worcester v. Georgia
• Georgia attempted to take Cherokee native lands.
  Supreme Ct. rules that the Cherokee are an
  independent nation, therefore GA. (a state)
  cannot have dialogue with them (a nation). Only
  the FED can talk to other nations. Cherokees
  can stay.

27
Indian removal act

• Andrew Jackson gives Indian's 2 choices
• 1. Assimilate to American culture (become a
  farmer)
• 2. Continue your Indian way of life, just do it
  west of the Mississippi
• Those that chose choice 2, were sent on the Trail
  of Tears

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SOCIAL REFORM

• Time period 1815 1850s
• These reforms in society are happening from the
  end of war of 1812 until essentially the start of
  the civil war!

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MOTIVATION FOR REFORM

• 1. Unified country
• Since we now work outside the home and people
  interact with one another, the country wanted to
  have NORMS / standards.
• Second Great Awakening
• Citizens had noticed that our country had moved
  away from the judao/Christian principles of the
  founding fathers

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The reforms

• Please write down 2-3 facts that you can recall
  about each reform movement. You have 7 mins.
• 1. Transcendentalism
• 2. Abolitionism
• 3. Education movement
• 4. Temperance movement
• 5. Womens rights
• 6. Prison reform (new)
• 7. Utopian societies (new)

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Transcendentalism

• Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau
  leaders
• Thought church attendance was irrelevant to lead
  a good life
• Believed in inward reflection and peaceful
  thinking.

32
Abolitionism

• Ridding the USA of slavery
• Leaders William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick
  Douglas
• Garrison printed the Liberator which was a
  massive anti-slavery news publication
• Frederick Douglas was a freed slave who printed
  an anti-slavery newspaper Northstar

33
Education movement

• 2 leaders Horace Mann, Daniel Webster
• Horace Mann started tax funded public schools in
  the state of MASS. Other states followed suit
  after his actions
• Webster wrote the first school books and our
  first dictionary

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Temperance movement

• Attempt to limit or totally eliminate alcohol
• Many women had suffered abuse from their husbands
  who worked stressful factory jobs.
• Alcohol was limited in parts of the country by
  temperance societies that had (at their height)
  as many as 1.5 million members

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Womens rights movment

• Leaders Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia
  Mott
• Seneca Falls convention first womens rights
  convention
• Wrote the Declaration of Sentiments
• 1. Right to own property
• 2. Right to vote
• 3. Equal Pay at work

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Prison reform

• Leader Dorthea Dix
• Dix noticed that mentally ill people were being
  kept in the general prison population.
• Dix opened the first mental hospitals in America
  as a way to separate the mentally ill from
  legitimate criminals
• Prisoners were subjected to life threatening
  conditions, thus having to turn to crime within
  the prison just to survive their incarceration.

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Utopian Societies

• Separated community in which educated people
  tried to live in perfect harmony by sharing all
  belongings and upholding a strong moral code
• These were not successful due to inherent human
  greed.