Modern

1
Modern Iran (1951-today)
Susan M. PojerHorace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY
2
The Geography of Iran
3
Iranian Oil Resources
4
Dr. Mohammad Mossadegh,Prime Minister of Iran

• Became Prime Minister in 1951.
• Nationalized the foreign oil companies.
• Got rid of corrupt military officials.
• Was toppled in a coup aided by the America CIA
  in 1953.
• The Shah of Iran returns to power.

Q4
5
Iran under shah reza pahlavi (1953-1979)
6
Shah Reza Pahlavi(r. 1941 1977)

• Institutes Western reforms ties with the
  West .
• But, the majority of his people live in
  poverty.
• Brutal suppression of dissidents ? SAVAK

Q5
7
The Shah His Wife, Farah
Iranian elite/upper- and intellectual classes
verypro-Western.
8
The White RevolutionThe Shahs Reform Program
(1963)

1. Land reform 90 of Irans peasants became land
   owners.
2. Massive government-financed heavy industry
   projects.
3. Granted women more political power the right to
   vote.
4. Poured government money into education
   especially in rural areas where illiteracy was
   very high.
5. Profit-sharing for industrial workers.
6. Nationalization of forests and pasture lands.

9
The Shah at George Washingtons Home, 1950s
10
The Shah with Several American Presidents
11
The Shah with President Jimmy Carter
12
The Iranian Revolution
13
Reasons for the Fall of the Shah

• The Shah spent the oil profits for top of the
  line American military hardware.
• Little money to reinvest back into the Iranian
  economy.
• Religious leaders angry with the Shah for too
  much Westernization.
• Government corruption.
• The Shahs constitutional violations of the
  basic human rights of his citizens.

14
Anti-Shah Protests
15
The Shahs ChiefOpponents?

1. Oil field workers.
2. Students and other intellectuals.
3. Middle class businessmen.
4. Iranian nationalists.
5. Muslim clerics.

Q6
16
Anti-American Pin(1960s)
17
Iranian Students Protest in Beverley Hills
18
Anarchy Revolution
The Shah leaves Iran on 1/16/79.
19
Ayatollah KhomeiniLeads the Revolution
Khomeini returns to Iran on February 11, 1979.
Q7
20
Ayatollah Khomeini(r. 1979-1989)

• 1902 1989.
• Became an Islamic scholar (studied in Qom).
• Began to speak out against the Shah in the
  1960s.
• Arrested and imprisoned several times by the
  Shah.
• Deported in 1978 went to France.

21
Triumphant Muslim Clerics Iranian Soldiers
A theocracy is created!
Q8
22
SAVAK Suspects Taken
23
The Fate of the Shahs Generals
24
Iran Revolutionary Poster
When the devil leaves, the angel returns!
25
American Embassy inTehran Taken Over
Q9
26
52 Americans Held Hostage for 444 Days!
27
President Carter Becomes a Hostage, Too
28
Hostage Rescue Disaster
29
52 American HostagesReleased in Jan., 1981
30
The Islamic Republic of Iran
31
The Khomeini Revolution
32
Women in Iran
A womans hijab represents her Islamic and moral
values.
33
Political Cartoon Commentary
The dictatorship is gone! Bring on the
dictatorship!
34
Support for the Palestinian Cause
Funds Hamas and Hezbollah.
The Ayatollah with Yasir Arafat.
35
The Iran-Iraq War (1980-1988)
36
The Iran-Iraq War(1980-1988)
Q10
37
The Iran-Iraq WarTaking Sides
38
Secretary Rumsfeld Saddam Hussein 1983
39
Iraqi Soldiers At the Front

• 375,000 Iraqi casualties 60,000 POWs!

40
Iranian Soldiers

• Over 1,000,000 Iranian casualties!

Q11
41
Iran Since the Death of the Ayatollah Khomeini
42
Khomeinis Death(June, 1989)
43
Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei
The Ayatollah represents the fundamentalist
Mullahs.
44
Ayatollah Khatami
The Ayatollah is considered a political moderate.
Q12
45
Support for the Shiites in Iraq Today
Moqtada al-Sadr, radical Shiite leader in
Fallujah, Iraq
46
Another Nuclear Power?
US satellite photo of Iranian nuclear facility
near Arak.
47
An American view of Iranian nuclear power
PINOCCHIAYATOLLAH Scott Stantis
(Birmingham News) 1/28/05
48
A view of Irans nuclear power from Al-Jazeerah
Nobody else (particularly Iran and Arab
countries) should have nuclear weapons except
Israel, says Bush. --
Hassan Bleybel 10/23/03
49
Another Future Revolution?
50
A Shah in theWaiting?
Reza Pahlavi (III?), 43 year-old son of the
deposed Shah.
51
Bibliography

• 23 Year Pictorial History of Iran.
  http//home.att.net/iranshahr/
• Iranian.com. www.iranian.com/Revolution/war.
  html.
• Iran Hostage Anniversary. CBS News.
  www.cbsnews.com/stories/2001/01/18/
  iran/main265244.shtml.