German Unification

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German Unification

• This was the most important political development
  in Europe between 1848 1914.

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I. How were Italian German unification
movements similar?

• 1.
• 2.
• 3.
• 4.
• 5.
• 6.

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II. William I

• Firmly against
• But, when revolution broke out in Prussia in
  1848, he ___________________________
• then later he ________________________
• Est. a liberal gov with a national assembly, but
• Army reoccupies Berlin and he dissolves

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III. Prussia

• Capital?
• 18th c.
• 19th c. Bismarck lesser Germany
• Deutsches (German) Reich in 1867
• 22 states of______________________
• The above was the building block
• 1871 constitution gave huge powers to

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IV. Otto von Bismarck

• 1.
• 2.
• Promoted
• Most significant achievement?
• Unification Plan
• a)
• b)
• c)

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Otto Von Bismarck Kaiser Wilhelm I
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V. Danish War

1. Kleindeutsch
2. Schleswig Holstein

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VI. Austro-Prussian War (7-Weeks War)

1. Dispute over
2. Bismarck
3. Conflict
4. Naturally, Prussia
5. Keep in mind, Bismarck

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VII. Wars End

1. Austria cedes _______ to ______. Why?
2. Why is Germany lenient on Austria?
3. Prussia led this newly formed

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VIII. Results of Austro-Prussian War

• Germ. Confed replaced by
• Paved way for
• Austria reorganized as
• Austria forbidden to ally with 3 southern German
  states, Bavaria, Baden, Wurttemburg

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• Hanover, Hesse, Nassau and city of Frankfurt
• Austria agreed to
• Legislature
• a) Bundesrat
• b) Reichstag

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1. Constitution of the Confederation
2. Why did a broad franchise NOT bother Bismarck?
3. How did Bismarck crush Prussian liberals?

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IX. Franco-Prussian War

1. Bismarck now wanted
2. Religious differences b/t North South?
3. Opportunity knocks!!!

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X. Ems Telegram

1. Isabella of Spain
2. Spain considers replacing her with Prince
   Leopold,
3. Leopold accepts
4. France strongly objects and issues

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1. Nap III requires
2. Fr. Ambassador
3. Ems Dispatch
4. French
5. Nap III

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1. So. German states
2. Treaty of Frankfurt
3. Alsace-Lorraine

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• Bismarck was opposed to this transfer of
  territory believing it would only provoke
  animosity toward the new German state.
• Nationalistic perspective most people in
  territory spoke German.
• Iron resources!!
• Militarily shift away from Rhine helped
  Germany.