Checking in

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Checking in(p167)

• 1. How do contour lines show elevation, slope,
  and relief?
• 2. Why do contour lines never cross on a
  topographic map?
• 4. For an area with gently sloping hills and
  little relief, would you draw contour lines close
  together or far apart? Explain why.
• Answers
• 1. The numbers on the contour lines show
  elevation. The distance between contour lines
  shows slope. The differences between high and
  low places show relief
• 2. Each one represents a specific elevation.
  Closed circles represent high and low points
  contour intervals are always the same for any
  given map.
• 4. far apart the changes in elevation are gradual

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Unit 2 Earths Surface

• Chapter 5 Views of Earth Today
• Chapter 6 Minerals and Rocks
• Chapter 7 Erosion and Depositio

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Chapter 5 Views of Earth todayModern technology
has changed the way we view and map Earth

• 5.1 Maps and globes are models of Earth
• 5.2 Topographic maps show the shape of the land
• 5.3 Technology is used to map Earth

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5.2 Topographic maps show the shape of the land

• Before, you learned
• Different maps provide information about natural
  and human-made features
• Latitude and longitude are used to find places on
  Earth
• All flat maps distort Earths surface
• Now, you will learn
• How contour lines show elevation, slope, and
  relief
• What rules contour lines follow
• What common symbols are used on topographic maps

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Topographic maps use contour line to show features

• Simple trail maps do not show you anything about
  what the land looks like rivers, hills,
  valleys?
• Topography the shape, or features, of the land
• Can be natural mountains, plateaus, plains
• Can be human-made dams, roads
• Topographic map a flat map that uses lines to
  show Earths surface features
• contour lines show
• Distance, elevation, slope, relief

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Topographic maps use contour line to show features

• Elevation how high above sea level a place is
• Can be a few meters to several thousand meters
  above sea level
• Contour line numbers show elevation
• Slope how steep a landform or area is
• the more gradual the slope, the farther apart the
  contour lines
• The steeper the slope, the closer together they
  are
• Relief difference between the areas highest and
  lowest points
• Subtract the lowest elevation on a map from the
  highest

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Contour lines follow certain rules

• Lines never cross because each line shows an
  exact elevation
• Circles show highest and lowest points
• lines form closed circles around mountain tops
  and hilltops, and also depressions (sunken areas
  in the group)
• Sometimes the elevation of the mountain or hill
  will be written in the middle of the circle

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Contour lines follow certain rules

• Contour interval is always the same on a map
• Contour interval the difference in elevation
  from one contour line to the next
• This means the change in elevation between
  contour lines is always the same
• Can differ from map to map
• Index contour lines mark elevations
• The darker contour lines on a map are index
  contour lines
• The lines where numbers showing elevation are
  often marked
• Not all lines are marked to determine
  elevation, count the number of lines from a
  numbered/index line, and multiply by the contour
  interval

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Topographic Maps

• Also contain symbols for natural and human-made
  features
• Cover urban, rural, and wilderness areas
• Are useful for hikers, campers, engineers,
  archaeologists, forest rangers, biologists, and
  others

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What could this be?
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• Contour Map
• Match the contour line drawing in the PHOTO
  column with the corresponding contour line image
  in the TOPO column.
• Hint 1 The Arrow in the TOPO images point
  downhill.
• Hint 2 Don't get frustrated with the answers. A
  couple are very similar.

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