FIRST 5

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FIRST 5

• Review the types of evidence for evolution with a
  partner and determine
• 1.) Which is the most convincing (and why)
• 2.) Which is the LEAST convincing (and why)

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• Theory of evolution
• Change in allele frequency over time
• Change in a species over time
• Process by which modern organisms have descended
  from ancient organisms
• Charles Darwin a 19th century English naturalist
  who first published this theory.

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EVIDENCE OF EVOLUTION
DIRECT EVIDENCE INDIRECT EVIDENCE
MIMICRY FOSSILS
CAMOUFLAGE COMPARATIVE ANATOMY (homologous and vestigial structures)
DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE (in viruses, bacteria, insects) COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY
ARTIFICIAL SELECTION (food, dogs) BIOCHEMISTRY (DNA, PROTEINS)


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MIMICRY
A species LOOKS Like another Species-as a warning
to predators-even if they are harmless.
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CAMOUFLAGE

• A species has structures or coloring that
• Allows it to blend in with its environment-to
  hide from predators.

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DIRECT EVIDENCE

• Physiological adaptations
• Adaptations in the biochemicals or the metabolism
  of a species that allow it to survive.
• Examples
• Antibiotic resistance in bacteria
• Pesticide resistance
• Resistance of viruses to medication

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Antibiotic resistance

• Bacteria will become
• resistant to antibiotics
• (which will normally kill
• them)

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Pesticide resistance

• Insects can also
• develop resistance
• to pesticides-due to
• random mutations
• that naturally occur
• in the population

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INDIRECT EVIDENCE

• FOSSILS
• Anything left by organisms that lived a long time
  ago.
• Bones
• Skeletons
• Footprints
• Imprints
• feces

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ARCHYOPTERYX
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Tiktaalik
https//www.youtube.com/watch?vzGqae7vuUWo
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INDIRECT EVIDENCE

• COMPARATIVE ANATOMY
• Comparing the
• internal and external parts of the organisms
• of different species

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HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES

• Structures that came from a common ancestor and
  have similar functions.

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HOMOLOGOUS STRUCTURES
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ANALOGOUS STRUCTURES

• Structures that DID NOT come from a common
  ancestor, but have common functions.

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CONVERGENT STRUCTURES
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VESTIGIAL STRUCTURES

• Structures that have no use for the organism.

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Geographic distribution
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INDIRECET EVIDENCE

• COMPARATIVE EMBRYOLOGY
• Comparing embryos from different species.
• Embryo-an early stage of development of an
  organism.

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INDIRECT EVIDENCE

• BIOCHEMISTRY
• The chemicals required for life
• DNA, RNA, ATP, etc
• When DNA sequences are compared between
• different organisms, the more they are the same,
  the more related the organisms are, the more they
  are different, the less related they are.

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Comparing amino acid sequences
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Direct evidence

• Artificial selection
• Humans have artificially selected traits that
  they want in food (corn, vegetables) and pets!

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ARTIFICIAL SELECTION
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QUIZ! (Open notes)

• 1.) What is evolution?
• 2.) What are the 4 steps of natural selection?
• 3.) What is the LEAST convincing piece of
  evidence for evolution and why?
• 4.) What is the MOST convincing piece of evidence
  for evolution and why?
• 5.) Choose any type of evidence for evolution and
  give an example that is NOT from the book or from
  Todays lecture notes.

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Turn in your REVIEW outline on the front
table-You have 1 minute after the bell or it is
Late!MAKE SURE THAT YOUR NAME IS ON IT!!!!

• Homework for today
• Make an outline of all of the topics that we have
  discussed THIS QUARTER (since January). This will
  be your review sheet for the Mid-term exam this
  Friday.
• The more detailed, the better.
• Include important vocabulary terms and concepts.
• This will be graded 100, 90, 80, 70, 50, or a 0.

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Blue footed booby dance

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vz922by9_6Fw