Title: Chapter 1
1Chapter 1 The Americas
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6Summary of Chapter 1
- Culture and early life of Americans similar to
Mesopotamia, Indus River, Egypt, Huang He - Reliance upon water
- Geography climate enable Americans to build a
civilization
Sioux Warrior Shirt
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8Summary of Chapter 1
- The early inhabitants of the Americas probably
traveled from Asia across a Bering Strait land
bridge produced by the Ice Age. - The Inuit, Iroquois, Hopewell, Plains Indians,
and Anasazi were major North American groups. - The Mayan, Aztec, and Incan civilizations
developed and administered complex societies.
9The Grand Council
- The Iroquois League was as model for British
colonies. - Ben Franklin used the Iroquois League as an
example for American democracy. - The men were hunters and warriors.
- The women owned the longhouses, and harvested the
crops corn, beans, and squash, called the three
sisters.
10The Great Peace Alliance of the 5 groups of
Iroquois
- Principles of Great Peace
- do not act on self-interest
- act for the welfare of the whole
- act with the good of future generations in mind
- Iroquois lived in Longhouses
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12North American Natives
- In North America, these early inhabitants
included the Inuit people near the Arctic Circle - The Hopewell peoples of the Ohio River valley,
known as The Moundbuilders - The Great Plains Indians lived in teepees
13Video Mystery of the Anasazi The Ancient Ones
SW America Disappeared suddenly
14MesoAmericans
- Name for areas of Mexico and Central America that
were civilized before the Spaniards arrived. - Major civilizations were the Aztecs, Mayans, and
Incas - Most advanced civilizations of ancient Americas
15The Aztecs
- The Aztecs develop into an empire that could have
rivaled Rome. - Floating city, pyramids, aqueducts
- Teotihuacán TAY oh wuh KAHN
- (Place of the Gods) was Mesoamericas first
major city. - Located near where Mexico City is today
- 200,000 inhabitants
- 200 ft tall Pyramids
16Aztec Turquoise Mosaic Serpent
17Maximum extent of the Aztec Empire
18The Avenue of the Dead in Teotihuacan, an example
of a Mesoamerican settlement planned according to
concepts of directionality. Their concepts of
space and time are associated with the four
cardinal compass points and linked together by
the calendar
19A view of the Mesoamerican city of Teotihuacan
which flourished from 200 AD to 600 AD, and which
is the site of the second largest pyramid in the
Americas
20The Aztecs The Rome of the Americas
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23The Mayans
- They developed an agriculturally intensive,
city-centered empire consisting of numerous
independent city-states. - The Mayans collapsed suddenly
- There is no universally accepted theory to
explain this collapse.
24What Happened to the Mayans?
25Engineering an Empire - Maya
26Incas
- Located on western coast of S. America
- Became an empire under the leadership of
Pachacuti created highly centralized govt. - A system of roads that extended 24,800 miles
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28Incan Empire
- No writing system, kept records on quipu a
series of strings and knots - Like all the MesoAmerican civilizations, the
Incas were no match for the Spanish Conquistadors
and their steel weapons, gunpowder, and horses. - Disease also plays a large role in the downfall
of Native American civilizations after contact
with Europeans
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