THE ENGLISH REFORMATION

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THE ENGLISH REFORMATION
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HENRY VIII (r.1509-1547)
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HENRY VIII

• Henry VIII began his reign in 1509 when he was
  eighteen (18) years old.
• Henry was a handsome, strong, and intelligent
  young man.
• He loved tennis, classical literature, music, and
  food.

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• WAS THE ENGLISH REFORMATION A

AIM
OR PERSONAL
POLITICAL,
RELIGIOUS,
MOVEMENT ?
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CATHERINE OF ARAGON
(Henry VIIIs first wife)
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Henry VIII
Catherine of Aragon
Mary IBloody Maryborn 1516r 1553-1558
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THE PROBLEM

• In 1527 Henry believed that Catherine would never
  bear him a son to succeed his throne.
• In 1527 Henry asked Pope Clement VII for an
  annulment to end his marriage to Catherine. The
  Pope refused.
• Henry VIII had met Anne Boleyn and wanted to
  marry her.

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THE SOLUTION

• In 1529 Henry VIII called Parliament into
  session. He asked them to pass laws that stripped
  away the popes power in England.
• This Parliament, also known as the Reformation
  Parliament, legalized Henrys divorce from
  Catherine.
• Henry appointed a new Archbishop of Canterbury,
  Thomas Cranmer, who annulled his marriage to
  Catherine.
• In 1533 Henry married Anne Boleyn.

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THE ACT OF SUPREMACY

• In 1534 Parliament voted to approve the Act of
  Supremacy. The act read
• The kings majesty justly and rightly is and
  ought to bethe only supreme head in earth of the
  Church in England.

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HENRYS CHANGESWHAT WAS DIFFERENT

• The English monarch, not the Pope was to be the
  head of the Church in England.
• Henry closed all English monasteries and seized
  their wealth and lands.
• Englands priests were called ministers.
• The English Bible was used in Church services

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A DECLARATION OF FAITH

• I die the kings good servant, but Gods first.

Sir Thomas More 1477-1535
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HENRYS CHANGESWHAT STAYED THE SAME

• Henry VIII in many ways remained more Catholic
  than Protestant.
• He insisted that the priests should not change
  the Catholic rituals and doctrines in the
  Anglican Church.

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ANNE BOLEYN
(Henry VIIIs second wife)
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Henry VIII
Anne Boleyn
Elizabeth Iborn 1533r 1558-1603
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A FINAL PLEA
Let not any light fancy Or bad counsel of my
enemies Withdraw your princely favor From meTry
me, good king, But let me have a lawful
trial, And let not my sworn enemies Sit as my
accusers and my Judges. ..I doubt not mine
Innocency shall be openly Known and
sufficiently cleared.

Anne Boleyn
(beheaded in 1536)
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JANE SEYMOUR
(Henry VIIIs third wife)
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Henry VIII
Jane Seymour
Edward VI Born 1537r 1547-1553
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ANNE OF CLEVES
(Henry VIIIs fourth wife)
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CATHERINE HOWARD
(Henry VIIIs fifth wife)
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CATHERINE PARR
(Henry VIIIs sixth wife)
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EDWARD VI (r. 1547-1553)

• Edward VI became king when he was nine (9) years
  old.
• He was greatly influenced by Protestants.
• Thomas Cranmer wrote The Book of Common Prayer.
  Many were angered by the change.

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MARY I (r. 1553-1558)

• Mary I was a devout Catholic. This made her an
  unpopular queen.
• She imprisoned her half-sister Elizabeth in the
  Tower of London.
• She was known as Bloody Mary because she burned
  many Protestants at the stake-including the
  former Archbishop of Canterbury, Thomas Cranmer.

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ELIZABETH I (r. 1558-1603)
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THE REIGN OF ELIZABETH I

• Elizabeth firmly establish England as a
  Protestant nation.
• Headed by Elizabeth I, The Anglican Church was
  the official church in England.
• Elizabeth tried to make both Catholics and
  Protestants happy.

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THE ENGLISH CHURCH UNDER ELIZABETH I

• Elizabeth allowed the priests in the Anglican
  Church to marry.
• Sermons could be delivered in English.
• The Book of the Common Prayer was changed to
  appease Catholics.
• The robes of the clergy and golden crucifixes
  remained unchanged.

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THE SPANISH ARMADA

• In 1588 Philip II of Spain prepared a massive
  invasion by sea of England.
• The English defeated the Spanish fleet.
• Elizabeth stirred up feelings up patriotism as
  she spoke to her soldiers preparing to face the
  enemy.
• I know I have the body of a weak and feeble
  woman, but I have the heart and stomach of a
  kingand I think foul scorn (of) any prince of
  Europe (who) should dare invade the borders of my
  realm