CH. 1 NEW WORLD BEGINNINGS

1
CHAPTER ONE THE DISCOVERERS Sc ush standards 1.1
2
ANCIENT INDIAN GROUPS

• I. THE FIRST DISCOVERERS
• A. THE BEGINNINGS
• When? Who?? From where?? Why?
• 1. ARCHAIC CULTURE GROUPS
• (PRE-COLUMBIAN before 1492)
• A. North American (North of the Rio Grande)
• Anasazi, Hohokam
• Mississippi Mound builders Hopewell-Adena,
  Mississippian
• -- B. Central American and South American
• Olmec, Maya, Aztec and Inca

3
Location of Native American Culture regions

• 2. 1492
• CULTURE REGIONS
• Far North
• Pacific Northwest
• California
• Great Basin
• Desert Southwest
• Plains
• North Eastern Woodlands
• South Eastern Woodlands
• NATIVE AMERICAN GENERALIZATIONS

4
NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN CULTURE GROUPS
CULTURE GROUP LOCATION TRIBES FOOD RELIGION CLOTHING SHELTER GOVERN- MENT MISCELLANEOUS
FAR NORTH
PACIFIC NORTH- WEST
CALI- FORNIA
GREAT BASIN
DESERT SOUTH- WEST
GREAT PLAINS
NORTH-EAST WOOD-LANDS
SOUTH-EAST WOOD-LANDS

5
DISCOVERIES THE EUROPEAN INVASION

• II. 1000 AD Vikings led by Leif EricsonVinland
  (Newfoundland)
• Skrellings
• Sagas
• III. Backdrop for Southern European Discovery
• 1000 AD Continental Europe Middle Ages
  Feudalism
• Crusadesopened up a new way of life
• Renaissance
• Commercial Revolution
• middlemenVenice, Constantinople, Arab
  merchants
• Age of Discovery
• 1. Portuguese Exploration
• United, at peace, perfect location
• Prince Henry the Navigator Sagres Navigation
  School
• Africa 1488-Dias, 1497 da Gama, 1500 Cabral
• 2. Christopher Columbus (Spain)
• Theory, the Voyages, results
• Inter Caeteras , Treaty of Tordesillas
• Amerigo Vespucci1501 New WorldMartin
  Waldseemuller (1507)

6
CONQUEST AND CATASTROPHE

• SPANISH CONQUEST
• GOD, GOLD, GLORY SPANISH EMPIRE
• Conquistadores and Missionaries
• Balboa, de Leon, Cortes,
• Magellans voyage, Pizarro,
• De Soto, Coronado, Mendoza
• Spanish Empire The Golden Age of Spain
• New Global Economy
• ENCOMIENDAS, MITA, HACIENDAS
• PROTESTANT REFORMATION

7
FRENCH AND DUTCH EXPLORATION

• France
• 1520sKing determined Treaty of Tordesillas did
  not apply to France.
• Giovanni de Verrazano
• Jacques Cartier
• War with Spain, War of ReligionCatholics and
  Huguenots
• Samuel de Champlain
• Quebec and his vision for the colony
• Coureurs de bois v. Jesuits
• Jean Baptiste Colberts mercantilism
• Louis Joliet, Jacques Marquette
• Robert LaSalle
• The Netherlands (The Dutch)
• 1609 Henry Hudson
• 1624 Ft. Orange (Iroquois)
• 1626 Peter Minuit Dutch West Indies Co., New
  Amsterdam
• Peter Stuyvesant
• Kiliean Van Rensselaer (Privileges of Patroons)

8

• SWEDEN
• SWEDISH WEST INDIA COMPANY (Peter Minuet, Samuel
  Blommaert)
• 1630 NEW SWEDEN--FT. CHRISTIANA (Delaware)
• Log Cabins
• Tobacco
• 1655 absorbed into New Netherlands
• THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE
• GOODS ORIGINATING IN THE NEW WORLD GOING TO THE
  OLD
• GOODS COMING FROM THE OLD WORLD TO THE NEW

9
THE BRITISH

• 1. ENGLISH EXPLORATION
• John Cabot--1496
• 2. COLONIAL INTEREST ENGLAND CHALLENGES SPAIN
  (MOTIVES) QE I.
• 3. EARLY ATTEMPTS AT COLONIZATION ALL FAILED.
  Newfoundland, Roanoke I and II
• 4. WAR WITH SPAIN
• Spanish Armada 1588
• 5. TYPE OF PEOPLE THAT WERE INVOLVED IN THE
  COLONIZATION OF AMERICA
• Monarchy--Mercantilism
• Merchantsjoint-stock companies East India Tea
  Company 1600, Virginia Co. of London 1606
• Commoners--Enclosure Movement 1500s to 1700s
• 6. ENGLISH COLONIES (proprietary, charter,
  royal)
• 1606 Virginia Company of London proprietary
  charter from King James I
• Dec. 25, 1606, 120 settlers left England on 3
  ships.

10
(No Transcript)
11
JAMESTOWN

• Location of the settlement and orders
• Problems
• John Smiths Rule
• 1609 Charter Revised
• Governor to rule Jamestown from Jamestown Lord
  De La Warr
• Sold more shares in London Company
• Company Servants
• 1609-1611Starving Time
• Thomas Dale 1611
• TobaccoJohn Rolfe
• 1618 Head-right System and Representative Govt.
• Head right
• Indentured servants
• House of Burgesses
• Introduction of African Slavery
• Massacre of 1622
• Charter revoked 1624Royal Colony

12
THE PILGRIMS (PLYMOUTH)

• Their story
• Dissenters
• Reactionaries
• Radicals
• 1619Company Servants
• 1620 Mayflower
• Mayflower Compact
• Plymouth Colony struggled.
• Settled in Nov., Squanto, disease, decent
  relations with the Massasoit and the Wampanoag
  Confederacy and hard work allowed them to
  survive.
• By 1670s Indian relations erupted into King
  Philips War.
• Thanksgiving Day

13
THE PURITANS

• 1. Religious reformers interested in purifying
  the Church of England of Catholic ritual.
• 2. Generally upper class with a high degree of
  political efficacy. As a result by the late 1620s
  they had become a powerful voice in Parliament.
• 1629 forced the King Charles I to sign the
  English Petition of Right.
• But during this same time period they were
  persecuted against.
• 1628 Massachusetts Bay Co. created.
• Granted a self-governing charter.
• Create a society that the rest of the world will
  look up the city on the hill.--Boston
• Left in 1630
• 11 ship convoy
• gt1,000 settlers
• 1 year of supplies
• Government organization
• Commonwealth theocracy led by John Winthrop.
• Legislature General Court, made up of 100
  stockholders (freeman)

14

• COVENANT THEOLOGY
• Covenant of Works-
• When man was created God promised that man would
  never die but Adam broke Gods covenantall men
  deserve damnation.
• Led to Moral Codes
• Led to National Covenantthe destiny of nation
  was based on the actions of the people. Gods
  grace shed on those places that obeyed Gods
  Covenant.
• Covenant of Grace-
• By Gods good grace, a chosen elect would be
  saved.
• Based on this Massachusetts society was devoted
  to the common welfare for the good of all.
• 1631 several communities around Boston.
• 1641 15-20,000 had settled in Massachusetts Bay
  and had absorbed Plymouth.
• NEW ENGLAND SOCIETY
• Hard work (Protestant work ethic)
• Fear of God
• TradeLumber, grain, shipbuilding, fishing

15
13 colonies