1???(disinfection) ???(disinfectant)

1
???
??????????
2
???????
???? ?? ?? ???? ????????
??????????????????????? ???????????
??????????????????????? ?????????????? ?
3
????????? 1???(disinfection)
???(disinfectant) 2???(sterilization)
3???(asepsis) 4?????(aceptic technique)
5???(antisepsis) ??? 6?????(sanitation)

4
????????
(?)? ? (??????) 1.????? ?????
???????160-170 ?2??,????
???????????? 2.??????? ???100 ?
5min?????????? ??1-3???
5
????? ????????????80-100 ? 15-30
min,????????,??????????????????(??????????)
????? ????? ? 61.1- 62.8 ? 30min
? 71.7? 15-30 s
6
??????? ? ? ? ?103.4 kPa (15?/?,?1.05
kg/cm2) ? 121.3 ?,??15-30min,???? ???????????
? ???????,???????(? ??????????????????)?
?????
7
(?)?????? ????? ???200300nm???????,??
265266nm???????????????DNA??????,????????????????
???????????,??????????,????????? ??
????? ?? ??????????
(?)????? X?? ???????? ???????????,??????DNA?
????????(?????????????????)????
8
(?)??? ?????20??/??????? ?????? ??
???????,??????????,???????????,???????,???????????
. ?? ??????????????? (?)????
???????????????????????????0.22-0.45 um. ??
???????????????????
9
??????? (?)?????????? 1.??????????
????????? ??? 2.??????????????
????? ?????????? 3. ?????
???????????? (?)???????????(??)
10
(?)????????? 1?????????? 2???????
3?????? 4???????????????
11
??? ??????????
?????
???????????????????????
??????????? ?????,????????? ????
????????????,???????
12
????????????? (?)?????(Virulent phage)
?????????????? (?)?????(Temperate phage)
(???)
13
????? ???????????,????????? ?????????
???????? ????????,????? ?????????
????? ????,?????,????????
14
???
1. ????????????????? ?????????????????? 2.
??????????? 3. ???????????????????
?????????????
15
?????????????
?? ? ? ?? ? ? ??? ???? ?? ?? ??
??? ???? 0.1-0.5 ?????? ???? 3-25 ?????? ???? 0.1-2 ?????? ?? ? ? 70-80 - /- ???? ?? ??? 2-5 - ???? ? ? 2-5 - ? ? ?? ? ? 3-8 ?????? ??? 2 ???? ?? ???? 100-1000ppm /_ /_ ?????? ???/L ??? 30-50ppm /_ - - /_ ???? ?? ???? 450-1200mg/L ?????? ??? 0.5-0.4 - /_ ????? ?? ???? 0.05-0.1 - - ????????? ??? 0.05-0.1 - - ??????
16
?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ? ?
?? ???? 0.05-0.1 - -
?????? ??? ??? 0.05-0.1 -
- ??????
??? ? ? 70-90 -
? ? ? ?
- -
??? 0.5-4 - /_
??????? 0.5-3.75/_ /_ -
Triclosan 0.5-2 /_
- / / ????
17
autoclave
18
filter
19
? ? ?
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